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Spring Reversal Strategy

Spring Reversal is a Wyckoff concept where price briefly breaks support and then springs back above it. This shakeout traps late sellers and often marks the beginning of an uptrend.

Testing indicates an average annual return of about 55%. It performs best in the stocks market.

The strategy buys once price reclaims the broken level, anticipating swift short covering and new demand.

A stop just below the spring low limits downside, and the position is closed if follow-through fails.

Details

  • Entry Criteria: indicator signal
  • Long/Short: Both
  • Exit Criteria: stop-loss or opposite signal
  • Stops: Yes, percent based
  • Default Values:
    • CandleType = 15 minute
    • StopLoss = 2%
  • Filters:
    • Category: Reversal
    • Direction: Both
    • Indicators: Wyckoff
    • Stops: Yes
    • Complexity: Intermediate
    • Timeframe: Intraday
    • Seasonality: No
    • Neural networks: No
    • Divergence: No
    • Risk level: Medium
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Ecng.Common;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

/// <summary>
/// Spring Reversal strategy (Wyckoff).
/// Enters long when price dips below recent support then closes back above it.
/// Enters short when price spikes above recent resistance then closes back below it.
/// Uses SMA for exit confirmation.
/// Uses cooldown to control trade frequency.
/// </summary>
public class SpringReversalStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _lookbackPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _maPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _cooldownBars;

	private readonly List<decimal> _lows = new();
	private readonly List<decimal> _highs = new();
	private int _cooldown;

	/// <summary>
	/// Lookback period.
	/// </summary>
	public int LookbackPeriod
	{
		get => _lookbackPeriod.Value;
		set => _lookbackPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// MA period for exit.
	/// </summary>
	public int MaPeriod
	{
		get => _maPeriod.Value;
		set => _maPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Candle type.
	/// </summary>
	public DataType CandleType
	{
		get => _candleType.Value;
		set => _candleType.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Cooldown bars.
	/// </summary>
	public int CooldownBars
	{
		get => _cooldownBars.Value;
		set => _cooldownBars.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Constructor.
	/// </summary>
	public SpringReversalStrategy()
	{
		_lookbackPeriod = Param(nameof(LookbackPeriod), 20)
			.SetRange(5, 50)
			.SetDisplay("Lookback", "Period for support/resistance", "Range");

		_maPeriod = Param(nameof(MaPeriod), 20)
			.SetRange(5, 50)
			.SetDisplay("MA Period", "Period for SMA exit", "Indicators");

		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");

		_cooldownBars = Param(nameof(CooldownBars), 500)
			.SetRange(1, 1000)
			.SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait between trades", "General");
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
	{
		return [(Security, CandleType)];
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();
		_lows.Clear();
		_highs.Clear();
		_cooldown = default;
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);

		_lows.Clear();
		_highs.Clear();
		_cooldown = 0;

		var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = MaPeriod };

		var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
		subscription
			.Bind(sma, ProcessCandle)
			.Start();

		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, subscription);
			DrawIndicator(area, sma);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);
		}
	}

	private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal smaValue)
	{
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
			return;

		if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
			return;

		// Maintain rolling window of lows and highs
		_lows.Add(candle.LowPrice);
		_highs.Add(candle.HighPrice);
		if (_lows.Count > LookbackPeriod + 1)
		{
			_lows.RemoveAt(0);
			_highs.RemoveAt(0);
		}

		if (_lows.Count < LookbackPeriod + 1)
			return;

		if (_cooldown > 0)
		{
			_cooldown--;
			return;
		}

		// Find support (lowest low) and resistance (highest high) of previous N bars
		decimal support = decimal.MaxValue;
		decimal resistance = decimal.MinValue;
		for (int i = 0; i < _lows.Count - 1; i++)
		{
			if (_lows[i] < support) support = _lows[i];
			if (_highs[i] > resistance) resistance = _highs[i];
		}

		// Spring: price dips below support but closes above it (bullish)
		var isSpring = candle.LowPrice < support && candle.ClosePrice > support && candle.ClosePrice > candle.OpenPrice;

		// Upthrust: price spikes above resistance but closes below it (bearish)
		var isUpthrust = candle.HighPrice > resistance && candle.ClosePrice < resistance && candle.ClosePrice < candle.OpenPrice;

		if (Position == 0 && isSpring)
		{
			BuyMarket();
			_cooldown = CooldownBars;
		}
		else if (Position == 0 && isUpthrust)
		{
			SellMarket();
			_cooldown = CooldownBars;
		}
		else if (Position > 0 && candle.ClosePrice < smaValue)
		{
			SellMarket();
			_cooldown = CooldownBars;
		}
		else if (Position < 0 && candle.ClosePrice > smaValue)
		{
			BuyMarket();
			_cooldown = CooldownBars;
		}
	}
}