Back Kick 策略
Back Kick 是从 MetaTrader 5 专家顾问 Back kick.mq5 移植而来的对冲突破策略。每当一根 K 线收盘时,系统会立即以相同的手数同时买入和卖出,从而保持双向敞口。每条腿都按照设定的点数间距应用对称的止损和止盈。由于 StockSharp 默认采用净头寸模式,移植版本通过内部状态对象分别跟踪多头和空头,使其表现尽可能接近 MT5 的对冲账户。
交易流程
- 订阅所选周期的 K 线。当检测到新 K 线收盘且当前没有激活的对冲腿时,请求建立新的买卖组合。
- 立即发送一张买入市价单和一张卖出市价单,使用相同的成交量。根据点数参数计算每条腿的保护价位。
- 通过 Level 1 中的最优买价和卖价实时监控仓位。如果价格触发保护水平,则发送对向市价单平掉该腿,而另一条腿保持不变直至触发自己的退出条件。
- 当两条腿全部平仓后,策略会等待下一根 K 线收盘,再次重建对冲。
这种行为与原始 EA 保持一致——通过始终持有双向仓位来捕捉价格的突然“反弹”。
参数
| 名称 | 说明 | 默认值 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
OrderVolume |
每条对冲腿的交易量。 | 0.1 |
会根据品种的 VolumeStep 归一化,同时检查 MinVolume/MaxVolume 限制。 |
StopLossPips |
止损点数。 | 50 |
设置为 0 时禁用止损。 |
TakeProfitPips |
止盈点数。 | 140 |
设置为 0 时禁用固定止盈。 |
CandleType |
触发开仓的 K 线周期。 | 15m |
支持任意可用的 TimeFrame。 |
LogDiagnostics |
是否输出详细日志。 | false |
建议在调试成交顺序时启用。 |
实现细节
- 点值换算:原 EA 会针对 3/5 位小数的品种放大 10 倍点值,移植版本沿用相同规则(价格步长 × 10)。
- 手工维护对冲:由于 StockSharp 只记录净头寸,策略使用
PositionState来跟踪每条腿,并在需要时发送市价单关闭对应仓位,从而模拟 MT5 的对冲模式。 - 风控:止损和止盈均为可选项。若关闭,仓位仅会在另一条腿的保护水平触发或外部干预时被动退出。
- 保护服务:仍然调用
StartProtection(),以便框架在断线等异常情况下可以接管仓位管理。
使用步骤
- 将策略挂载到具备 Level 1(买卖价)和所需 K 线数据的标的上。
- 根据风险偏好配置点数距离与下单手数。
- 启动策略后,它会等待下一根 K 线收盘,然后提交买卖一对的市价单。
- 通过日志或图表观察多头与空头分别如何独立退出。
与 MT5 版本的差异
- 未移植按风险百分比动态计算手数的功能,请直接通过
OrderVolume设置仓位。 - 由于 StockSharp 的净头寸特性,对冲是通过内部记录实现的,因此在不同经纪商或撮合模式下仍能保持与原策略相近的行为。
- 未实现经纪商特定的
FreezeLevel/StopsLevel检查;当交易所限制被违反时,体积归一化逻辑会抛出明确的异常。
文件说明
CS/BackKickStrategy.cs—— C# 版本的策略实现。README.md—— 英文文档。README_ru.md—— 俄文文档。README_zh.md—— 中文文档(本文件)。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
public class BackKickStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _fastPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _slowPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _stopLossPoints;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _takeProfitPoints;
private ExponentialMovingAverage _fast;
private ExponentialMovingAverage _slow;
private decimal _prevFast;
private decimal _prevSlow;
private decimal _entryPrice;
private int _cooldown;
public int FastPeriod { get => _fastPeriod.Value; set => _fastPeriod.Value = value; }
public int SlowPeriod { get => _slowPeriod.Value; set => _slowPeriod.Value = value; }
public int StopLossPoints { get => _stopLossPoints.Value; set => _stopLossPoints.Value = value; }
public int TakeProfitPoints { get => _takeProfitPoints.Value; set => _takeProfitPoints.Value = value; }
public BackKickStrategy()
{
_fastPeriod = Param(nameof(FastPeriod), 14).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Fast Period", "Fast EMA period", "Indicator");
_slowPeriod = Param(nameof(SlowPeriod), 50).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Slow Period", "Slow EMA period", "Indicator");
_stopLossPoints = Param(nameof(StopLossPoints), 200).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss", "Stop-loss in price steps", "Risk");
_takeProfitPoints = Param(nameof(TakeProfitPoints), 400).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Take Profit", "Take-profit in price steps", "Risk");
}
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
yield return (Security, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame());
}
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_fast = null; _slow = null;
_prevFast = 0; _prevSlow = 0; _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 0;
}
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_fast = new ExponentialMovingAverage { Length = FastPeriod };
_slow = new ExponentialMovingAverage { Length = SlowPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame());
subscription.Bind(_fast, _slow, ProcessCandle);
subscription.Start();
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal fastValue, decimal slowValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished) return;
if (!_fast.IsFormed || !_slow.IsFormed) { _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
if (_cooldown > 0) { _cooldown--; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
var close = candle.ClosePrice;
var step = Security?.PriceStep ?? 1m;
if (Position > 0 && _entryPrice > 0)
{
if (StopLossPoints > 0 && close <= _entryPrice - StopLossPoints * step) { SellMarket(); _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 100; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
if (TakeProfitPoints > 0 && close >= _entryPrice + TakeProfitPoints * step) { SellMarket(); _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 100; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
}
else if (Position < 0 && _entryPrice > 0)
{
if (StopLossPoints > 0 && close >= _entryPrice + StopLossPoints * step) { BuyMarket(); _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 100; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
if (TakeProfitPoints > 0 && close <= _entryPrice - TakeProfitPoints * step) { BuyMarket(); _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 100; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
}
if (_prevFast <= _prevSlow && fastValue > slowValue && Position <= 0)
{ if (Position < 0) BuyMarket(); BuyMarket(); _entryPrice = close; _cooldown = 100; }
else if (_prevFast >= _prevSlow && fastValue < slowValue && Position >= 0)
{ if (Position > 0) SellMarket(); SellMarket(); _entryPrice = close; _cooldown = 100; }
_prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue;
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
from System import TimeSpan
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import ExponentialMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class back_kick_strategy(Strategy):
def __init__(self):
super(back_kick_strategy, self).__init__()
self._fast_period = self.Param("FastPeriod", 14) \
.SetDisplay("Fast Period", "Fast MA period", "Indicator")
self._slow_period = self.Param("SlowPeriod", 50) \
.SetDisplay("Slow Period", "Slow MA period", "Indicator")
self._stop_loss_points = self.Param("StopLossPoints", 200) \
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss", "Stop-loss in price steps", "Risk")
self._take_profit_points = self.Param("TakeProfitPoints", 400) \
.SetDisplay("Take Profit", "Take-profit in price steps", "Risk")
self._fast = None
self._slow = None
self._prev_fast = 0.0
self._prev_slow = 0.0
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 0
@property
def fast_period(self):
return self._fast_period.Value
@property
def slow_period(self):
return self._slow_period.Value
@property
def stop_loss_points(self):
return self._stop_loss_points.Value
@property
def take_profit_points(self):
return self._take_profit_points.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(back_kick_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._fast = None
self._slow = None
self._prev_fast = 0.0
self._prev_slow = 0.0
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 0
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(back_kick_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._fast = ExponentialMovingAverage()
self._fast.Length = self.fast_period
self._slow = ExponentialMovingAverage()
self._slow.Length = self.slow_period
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)))
subscription.Bind(self._fast, self._slow, self._process_candle)
subscription.Start()
def _process_candle(self, candle, fast_value, slow_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
fast_val = float(fast_value)
slow_val = float(slow_value)
if not self._fast.IsFormed or not self._slow.IsFormed:
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
if self._cooldown > 0:
self._cooldown -= 1
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
close = float(candle.ClosePrice)
step = float(self.Security.PriceStep) if self.Security is not None and self.Security.PriceStep is not None else 1.0
if self.Position > 0 and self._entry_price > 0:
if self.stop_loss_points > 0 and close <= self._entry_price - self.stop_loss_points * step:
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
if self.take_profit_points > 0 and close >= self._entry_price + self.take_profit_points * step:
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
elif self.Position < 0 and self._entry_price > 0:
if self.stop_loss_points > 0 and close >= self._entry_price + self.stop_loss_points * step:
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
if self.take_profit_points > 0 and close <= self._entry_price - self.take_profit_points * step:
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
if self._prev_fast <= self._prev_slow and fast_val > slow_val and self.Position <= 0:
if self.Position < 0:
self.BuyMarket()
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = close
self._cooldown = 100
elif self._prev_fast >= self._prev_slow and fast_val < slow_val and self.Position >= 0:
if self.Position > 0:
self.SellMarket()
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = close
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
def CreateClone(self):
return back_kick_strategy()