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策略基础模板

此文件夹提供构建自定义交易思路的最小框架。策略仅计算一个指数移动平均线，并暴露常见参数：是否启用多头或空头、可选的止盈和止损以及优化区间。开发者可在预留位置插入自己的进出场逻辑，以快速原型化新系统。

模板还展示了如何启动内置的保护模块并使用百分比目标，从而方便地试验不同风险设置。由于没有实际信号，脚本本身不适合直接交易，而是作为进一步研究的起点。

细节

  • 入场条件：未实现——请替换为自定义规则。
  • 多/空：通过参数配置。
  • 出场条件：未实现——请替换为自定义规则。
  • 止损：可选的百分比止盈和止损由保护模块处理。
  • 默认参数：
    • EMA 长度 = 10。
    • 止盈 = 1.2%，止损 = 1.8%（默认关闭）。
  • 过滤器：
    • 类别：模板
    • 方向：可配置
    • 指标：EMA
    • 止损：可选
    • 复杂度：低
    • 周期：任意
    • 季节性：无
    • 神经网络：无
    • 背离：无
    • 风险等级：由用户决定
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Ecng.Common;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

/// <summary>
/// Strategy Base - EMA trend following strategy.
/// Buys when price crosses above EMA, sells when price crosses below EMA.
/// </summary>
public class StratBaseStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _emaLength;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _cooldownBars;

	private ExponentialMovingAverage _ema;

	private decimal _prevClose;
	private decimal _prevEma;
	private int _cooldownRemaining;

	public DataType CandleType
	{
		get => _candleType.Value;
		set => _candleType.Value = value;
	}

	public int EmaLength
	{
		get => _emaLength.Value;
		set => _emaLength.Value = value;
	}

	public int CooldownBars
	{
		get => _cooldownBars.Value;
		set => _cooldownBars.Value = value;
	}

	public StratBaseStrategy()
	{
		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");

		_emaLength = Param(nameof(EmaLength), 20)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("EMA Length", "EMA period", "Moving Averages");

		_cooldownBars = Param(nameof(CooldownBars), 10)
			.SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait between trades", "Risk");
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
		=> [(Security, CandleType)];

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();

		_ema = null;
		_prevClose = 0;
		_prevEma = 0;
		_cooldownRemaining = 0;
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);

		_ema = new ExponentialMovingAverage { Length = EmaLength };

		var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
		subscription
			.Bind(_ema, OnProcess)
			.Start();

		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, subscription);
			DrawIndicator(area, _ema);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);
		}
	}

	private void OnProcess(ICandleMessage candle, decimal emaVal)
	{
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
			return;

		if (!_ema.IsFormed)
		{
			_prevClose = candle.ClosePrice;
			_prevEma = emaVal;
			return;
		}

		if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
		{
			_prevClose = candle.ClosePrice;
			_prevEma = emaVal;
			return;
		}

		if (_cooldownRemaining > 0)
		{
			_cooldownRemaining--;
			_prevClose = candle.ClosePrice;
			_prevEma = emaVal;
			return;
		}

		if (_prevClose == 0 || _prevEma == 0)
		{
			_prevClose = candle.ClosePrice;
			_prevEma = emaVal;
			return;
		}

		// Price crosses above EMA
		var crossUp = candle.ClosePrice > emaVal && _prevClose <= _prevEma;
		// Price crosses below EMA
		var crossDown = candle.ClosePrice < emaVal && _prevClose >= _prevEma;

		if (crossUp && Position <= 0)
		{
			if (Position < 0)
				BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
			BuyMarket(Volume);
			_cooldownRemaining = CooldownBars;
		}
		else if (crossDown && Position >= 0)
		{
			if (Position > 0)
				SellMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
			SellMarket(Volume);
			_cooldownRemaining = CooldownBars;
		}

		_prevClose = candle.ClosePrice;
		_prevEma = emaVal;
	}
}