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Macd Pattern Trader DoubleTop Strategy

概述

本策略移植自 MetaTrader 4 顾问 MacdPatternTraderv04cb。它在选定的时间框架上监控 MACD 主线，寻找看跌双顶和看涨双底结构。 当第二个波峰/波谷比第一个更弱、且 MACD 仍处于正/负触发阈值之外时，策略会顺势开仓以捕捉反转。 止损和止盈分别固定为 100 与 300 点，与原版 EA 完全一致。

交易规则

  1. 订阅配置的蜡烛序列（默认 30 分钟）并按参数计算 MACD 主线，默认周期为 5、13、1。
  2. 保存最近三个已完成的 MACD 数值。若 MACD 高于 TriggerLevel 且形成局部高点后回落，则进入看跌预警； 如果下一次高点低于记录的高点，并且 MACD 仍高于触发阈值，则立即市价卖出。
  3. 当 MACD 低于 -TriggerLevel 并出现更高的第二个低点时，生成对称的看涨信号并市价买入。
  4. 一旦 MACD 返回到 [-TriggerLevel, TriggerLevel] 区间内，就清空已记录的峰值和谷值，避免在动能不足时继续寻找形态。
  5. 下单量由 TradeVolume 控制；当需要反向开仓时，会先覆盖相反方向的持仓，然后建立新的头寸。
  6. 在 OnStarted 中调用一次 StartProtection，将 100 点止损和 300 点止盈转换为价格步长并交由平台托管。

参数

名称 说明
FastPeriod MACD 快速 EMA 周期。
SlowPeriod MACD 慢速 EMA 周期。
SignalPeriod MACD 信号线平滑周期。
TriggerLevel 激活双顶/双底检测所需的 MACD 绝对值。
StopLossPips 止损距离（点数，默认 100）。
TakeProfitPips 止盈距离（点数，默认 300）。
TradeVolume 每次开仓的基准手数。
CandleType 用于计算指标的蜡烛类型。

说明

  • 止损与止盈在传递给 StartProtection 之前会从点数转换为交易品种的最小步长，保证行为与原始 EA 保持一致。
  • 代码中的注释全部采用英文，满足仓库的统一要求。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Ecng.Common;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

/// <summary>
/// Port of the MetaTrader 4 expert advisor MacdPatternTraderv04cb.
/// Detects bearish and bullish double-top/double-bottom patterns on the MACD main line.
/// The second swing needs to be weaker than the first one before a market order is sent.
/// Fixed protective orders replicate the original 100/300 pip stop-loss and take-profit distances.
/// </summary>
public class MacdPatternTraderDoubleTopStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _fastPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _slowPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _signalPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _triggerLevel;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPips;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _takeProfitPips;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _tradeVolume;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;

	private MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal _macd = null!;
	private decimal? _previousMacd;
	private decimal? _previousMacd2;
	private decimal? _firstPeak;
	private decimal? _firstTrough;
	private bool _sellPatternArmed;
	private bool _buyPatternArmed;

	/// <summary>
	/// Initializes a new instance of the strategy.
	/// </summary>
	public MacdPatternTraderDoubleTopStrategy()
	{
		_fastPeriod = Param(nameof(FastPeriod), 5)
		.SetGreaterThanZero()
		.SetDisplay("Fast EMA", "Fast moving average length used by MACD", "MACD")
		
		.SetOptimize(3, 15, 1);

		_slowPeriod = Param(nameof(SlowPeriod), 13)
		.SetGreaterThanZero()
		.SetDisplay("Slow EMA", "Slow moving average length used by MACD", "MACD")
		
		.SetOptimize(10, 30, 1);

		_signalPeriod = Param(nameof(SignalPeriod), 1)
		.SetGreaterThanZero()
		.SetDisplay("Signal EMA", "Signal smoothing period for MACD", "MACD")
		
		.SetOptimize(1, 9, 1);

		_triggerLevel = Param(nameof(TriggerLevel), 50m)
		.SetNotNegative()
		.SetDisplay("Trigger Level", "Absolute MACD level that arms the pattern logic", "MACD");

		_stopLossPips = Param(nameof(StopLossPips), 100m)
		.SetNotNegative()
		.SetDisplay("Stop-Loss (pips)", "Stop-loss distance expressed in pips", "Risk Management")
		
		.SetOptimize(50m, 200m, 10m);

		_takeProfitPips = Param(nameof(TakeProfitPips), 300m)
		.SetNotNegative()
		.SetDisplay("Take-Profit (pips)", "Take-profit distance expressed in pips", "Risk Management")
		
		.SetOptimize(150m, 500m, 10m);

		_tradeVolume = Param(nameof(TradeVolume), 0.1m)
		.SetGreaterThanZero()
		.SetDisplay("Trade Volume", "Order volume used for new entries", "Trading")
		
		.SetOptimize(0.05m, 1m, 0.05m);

		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30).TimeFrame())
		.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Timeframe used for MACD calculations", "General");
	}

/// <summary>
/// Fast EMA length used by MACD.
/// </summary>
public int FastPeriod
{
	get => _fastPeriod.Value;
	set => _fastPeriod.Value = value;
}

/// <summary>
/// Slow EMA length used by MACD.
/// </summary>
public int SlowPeriod
{
	get => _slowPeriod.Value;
	set => _slowPeriod.Value = value;
}

/// <summary>
/// Signal EMA length used by MACD.
/// </summary>
public int SignalPeriod
{
	get => _signalPeriod.Value;
	set => _signalPeriod.Value = value;
}

/// <summary>
/// Absolute MACD level that enables pattern tracking.
/// </summary>
public decimal TriggerLevel
{
	get => _triggerLevel.Value;
	set => _triggerLevel.Value = value;
}

/// <summary>
/// Stop-loss distance expressed in pips.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPips
{
	get => _stopLossPips.Value;
	set => _stopLossPips.Value = value;
}

/// <summary>
/// Take-profit distance expressed in pips.
/// </summary>
public decimal TakeProfitPips
{
	get => _takeProfitPips.Value;
	set => _takeProfitPips.Value = value;
}

/// <summary>
/// Trading volume used for new market orders.
/// </summary>
public decimal TradeVolume
{
	get => _tradeVolume.Value;
	set => _tradeVolume.Value = value;
}

/// <summary>
/// Candle type used for indicator calculations.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
	get => _candleType.Value;
	set => _candleType.Value = value;
}

/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
	return [(Security, CandleType)];
}

/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
	base.OnReseted();

	_previousMacd = null;
	_previousMacd2 = null;
	_firstPeak = null;
	_firstTrough = null;
	_sellPatternArmed = false;
	_buyPatternArmed = false;
}

/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
	base.OnStarted2(time);

	Volume = TradeVolume;

	_macd = new MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal
	{
		Macd =
		{
			ShortMa = { Length = FastPeriod },
			LongMa = { Length = SlowPeriod },
		},
	SignalMa = { Length = SignalPeriod },
};

var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(_macd, ProcessCandle)
.Start();

var pipSize = Security?.PriceStep ?? 0.01m;
if (pipSize <= 0m) pipSize = 0.01m;

StartProtection(
	takeProfit: TakeProfitPips > 0m ? new Unit(TakeProfitPips * pipSize, UnitTypes.Absolute) : null,
	stopLoss: StopLossPips > 0m ? new Unit(StopLossPips * pipSize, UnitTypes.Absolute) : null,
	useMarketOrders: true);
}

private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue macdValue)
{
	if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
	return;

	if (!macdValue.IsFinal || macdValue is not MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignalValue typed)
	return;

	if (typed.Macd is not decimal macdLine)
	return;

	var previous = _previousMacd;
	var previous2 = _previousMacd2;

	if (previous.HasValue && previous2.HasValue)
	{
		ProcessSellPattern(macdLine, previous.Value, previous2.Value);
		ProcessBuyPattern(macdLine, previous.Value, previous2.Value);
	}

_previousMacd2 = previous;
_previousMacd = macdLine;
}

private void ProcessSellPattern(decimal current, decimal previous, decimal previous2)
{
	if (current > TriggerLevel && current < previous && previous > previous2)
	{
		if (!_sellPatternArmed)
		{
			_firstPeak = previous;
			_sellPatternArmed = true;
		}
	else if (_firstPeak is decimal referencePeak && previous < referencePeak)
	{
		EnterShort();
		ResetSellPattern();
	}
}
else if (current < TriggerLevel)
{
	ResetSellPattern();
}
}

private void ProcessBuyPattern(decimal current, decimal previous, decimal previous2)
{
	var negativeTrigger = -TriggerLevel;

	if (current < negativeTrigger && current > previous && previous < previous2)
	{
		if (!_buyPatternArmed)
		{
			_firstTrough = previous;
			_buyPatternArmed = true;
		}
	else if (_firstTrough is decimal referenceTrough && previous > referenceTrough)
	{
		EnterLong();
		ResetBuyPattern();
	}
}
else if (current > negativeTrigger)
{
	ResetBuyPattern();
}
}

private void EnterShort()
{
	if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
	return;

	var volume = Volume + Math.Max(0m, Position);
	if (volume <= 0m)
	return;

	SellMarket(volume);
}

private void EnterLong()
{
	if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
	return;

	var volume = Volume + Math.Max(0m, -Position);
	if (volume <= 0m)
	return;

	BuyMarket(volume);
}

private void ResetSellPattern()
{
	_sellPatternArmed = false;
	_firstPeak = null;
}

private void ResetBuyPattern()
{
	_buyPatternArmed = false;
	_firstTrough = null;
}

}