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1H Bollinger Bands 策略
概述
1H Bollinger Bands Strategy 将 MetaTrader 指标“1H Bolinger Bands”迁移到 StockSharp 高级 API。核心思想是在小时级别顺势交易,利用日线 Bollinger Bands 的回归信号,并通过月线 MACD 进行宏观方向过滤。默认基础周期为 H1,策略还会订阅更高周期的数据以完成确认。
交易逻辑
- 趋势过滤: 在基础周期上计算 250 和 500 周期的线性加权均线(LWMA),只有当快速 LWMA 位于慢速之上(做多)或之下(做空)时才允许进场。
- 回归形态: 在高一级周期(默认日线)检测:前一根已完成 K 线的最低价跌破下轨且下一根开盘价回到下轨之上(做空信号为高点突破上轨后开盘回到下轨之下)。
- 动量确认: 在高周期上计算 14 周期动量,并记录最近三次对 100 的绝对偏离值;至少有一次偏离需超过设定阈值(默认 0.3)。
- MACD 过滤: 月线 MACD(12/26/9) 需要与方向一致——做多时 MACD 主线高于信号线,做空则相反。
- 入场: 条件全部满足后以市价下单。如果当前持有反向头寸,将首先平掉原仓并翻转方向。
仓位管理
策略内部使用以“点数(pips)”定义的距离,并通过 Security.PriceStep 自动换算成价格偏移:
- 止损: 价格向不利方向运行指定点数时立即离场。
- 止盈: 价格触及目标点差后锁定利润。
- 跟踪止损(可选): 达到跟踪距离后建立一条内部止损线,若价格回撤触及该线则平仓。
- 保本移动(可选): 获利达到触发点后,将止损移动到入场价加上(或减去)配置的保本偏移,一旦回落到该价位便退出。
原始 EA 中的资金收益目标、权益止损等功能未迁移,以保持 StockSharp 版本的通用性。
参数
| 参数 |
说明 |
默认值 |
CandleType |
信号计算所用的基础周期。 |
1 小时蜡烛 |
HigherTimeFrame |
计算 Bollinger 与动量的高周期。 |
1 天蜡烛 |
MacdTimeFrame |
MACD 确认使用的周期。 |
30 天蜡烛 |
FastMaPeriod / SlowMaPeriod |
基础周期上的快/慢 LWMA 长度。 |
6 / 85 |
TrendFastPeriod / TrendSlowPeriod |
长周期趋势过滤。 |
250 / 500 |
MomentumPeriod |
高周期动量的回看长度。 |
14 |
MomentumThreshold |
动量相对 100 的最小偏差。 |
0.3 |
BollingerPeriod / BollingerWidth |
日线 Bollinger 参数。 |
20 / 2.0 |
TradeVolume |
单次下单的基础数量。 |
1 |
StopLossPips / TakeProfitPips |
止损与止盈点差。 |
20 / 50 |
EnableTrailing / TrailingStopPips |
启用跟踪止损及其距离。 |
true / 40 |
EnableBreakEven / BreakEvenTriggerPips / BreakEvenOffsetPips |
启用保本、触发阈值与偏移。 |
true / 30 / 30 |
所有参数通过 StrategyParam<T> 暴露,可在 Designer/Runner 中进行优化。
实现细节
- 同时订阅三个蜡烛流:基础周期、用于 Bollinger/动量的高周期以及用于 MACD 的更高周期。
- 动量指标使用 StockSharp 标准实现,并保留最近三次偏差以复现 MQL 行为。
- 保护性规则依赖
PriceStep 将点差转换为价格;如果证券缺少该字段,止损/止盈将不会触发。
- StockSharp 采用净头寸模型,原策略中基于
Max_Trades 的加仓逻辑在此版本被简化为单一净仓。
- 省略了原 EA 的邮件、推送通知以及基于账户余额的风控,保持平台无关性。
使用方法
- 将策略绑定到能够提供小时、日线及月线蜡烛的标的(或根据数据可用性调整参数)。
- 确认标的设置了
PriceStep,以便正确换算点差。
- 在启动前配置交易数量与风险参数。
- 启动策略,系统会自动订阅数据、在收盘价基础上判定信号,并按设定管理仓位。
与 MQL 版本的差异
- 未实现资金目标、权益止损等功能,仅保留价格型风险控制。
- 忽略了邮件、通知等附加服务功能。
- 由于净头寸模型,不再维护多笔独立订单;信号出现时直接调整整体仓位。
这些改动使策略更加符合 StockSharp 的架构,同时保留了原策略的核心交易思路。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
public class OneHBollingerBandsStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _fastPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _slowPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _stopLossPoints;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _takeProfitPoints;
private ExponentialMovingAverage _fast;
private ExponentialMovingAverage _slow;
private decimal _prevFast;
private decimal _prevSlow;
private decimal _entryPrice;
private int _cooldown;
public int FastPeriod { get => _fastPeriod.Value; set => _fastPeriod.Value = value; }
public int SlowPeriod { get => _slowPeriod.Value; set => _slowPeriod.Value = value; }
public int StopLossPoints { get => _stopLossPoints.Value; set => _stopLossPoints.Value = value; }
public int TakeProfitPoints { get => _takeProfitPoints.Value; set => _takeProfitPoints.Value = value; }
public OneHBollingerBandsStrategy()
{
_fastPeriod = Param(nameof(FastPeriod), 14).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Fast Period", "Fast EMA period", "Indicator");
_slowPeriod = Param(nameof(SlowPeriod), 50).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Slow Period", "Slow EMA period", "Indicator");
_stopLossPoints = Param(nameof(StopLossPoints), 200).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss", "Stop-loss in price steps", "Risk");
_takeProfitPoints = Param(nameof(TakeProfitPoints), 400).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Take Profit", "Take-profit in price steps", "Risk");
}
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
yield return (Security, TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame());
}
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_fast = null; _slow = null;
_prevFast = 0; _prevSlow = 0; _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 0;
}
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_fast = new ExponentialMovingAverage { Length = FastPeriod };
_slow = new ExponentialMovingAverage { Length = SlowPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame());
subscription.Bind(_fast, _slow, ProcessCandle);
subscription.Start();
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal fastValue, decimal slowValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished) return;
if (!_fast.IsFormed || !_slow.IsFormed) { _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
if (_cooldown > 0) { _cooldown--; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
var close = candle.ClosePrice;
var step = Security?.PriceStep ?? 1m;
if (Position > 0 && _entryPrice > 0)
{
if (StopLossPoints > 0 && close <= _entryPrice - StopLossPoints * step) { SellMarket(); _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 100; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
if (TakeProfitPoints > 0 && close >= _entryPrice + TakeProfitPoints * step) { SellMarket(); _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 100; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
}
else if (Position < 0 && _entryPrice > 0)
{
if (StopLossPoints > 0 && close >= _entryPrice + StopLossPoints * step) { BuyMarket(); _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 100; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
if (TakeProfitPoints > 0 && close <= _entryPrice - TakeProfitPoints * step) { BuyMarket(); _entryPrice = 0; _cooldown = 100; _prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue; return; }
}
if (_prevFast <= _prevSlow && fastValue > slowValue && Position <= 0)
{ if (Position < 0) BuyMarket(); BuyMarket(); _entryPrice = close; _cooldown = 100; }
else if (_prevFast >= _prevSlow && fastValue < slowValue && Position >= 0)
{ if (Position > 0) SellMarket(); SellMarket(); _entryPrice = close; _cooldown = 100; }
_prevFast = fastValue; _prevSlow = slowValue;
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
from System import TimeSpan
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import ExponentialMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class one_h_bollinger_bands_strategy(Strategy):
def __init__(self):
super(one_h_bollinger_bands_strategy, self).__init__()
self._fast_period = self.Param("FastPeriod", 14) \
.SetDisplay("Fast Period", "Fast MA period", "Indicator")
self._slow_period = self.Param("SlowPeriod", 50) \
.SetDisplay("Slow Period", "Slow MA period", "Indicator")
self._stop_loss_points = self.Param("StopLossPoints", 200) \
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss", "Stop-loss in price steps", "Risk")
self._take_profit_points = self.Param("TakeProfitPoints", 400) \
.SetDisplay("Take Profit", "Take-profit in price steps", "Risk")
self._fast = None
self._slow = None
self._prev_fast = 0.0
self._prev_slow = 0.0
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 0
@property
def fast_period(self):
return self._fast_period.Value
@property
def slow_period(self):
return self._slow_period.Value
@property
def stop_loss_points(self):
return self._stop_loss_points.Value
@property
def take_profit_points(self):
return self._take_profit_points.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(one_h_bollinger_bands_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._fast = None
self._slow = None
self._prev_fast = 0.0
self._prev_slow = 0.0
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 0
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(one_h_bollinger_bands_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._fast = ExponentialMovingAverage()
self._fast.Length = self.fast_period
self._slow = ExponentialMovingAverage()
self._slow.Length = self.slow_period
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)))
subscription.Bind(self._fast, self._slow, self._process_candle)
subscription.Start()
def _process_candle(self, candle, fast_value, slow_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
fast_val = float(fast_value)
slow_val = float(slow_value)
if not self._fast.IsFormed or not self._slow.IsFormed:
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
if self._cooldown > 0:
self._cooldown -= 1
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
close = float(candle.ClosePrice)
step = float(self.Security.PriceStep) if self.Security is not None and self.Security.PriceStep is not None else 1.0
if self.Position > 0 and self._entry_price > 0:
if self.stop_loss_points > 0 and close <= self._entry_price - self.stop_loss_points * step:
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
if self.take_profit_points > 0 and close >= self._entry_price + self.take_profit_points * step:
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
elif self.Position < 0 and self._entry_price > 0:
if self.stop_loss_points > 0 and close >= self._entry_price + self.stop_loss_points * step:
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
if self.take_profit_points > 0 and close <= self._entry_price - self.take_profit_points * step:
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
return
if self._prev_fast <= self._prev_slow and fast_val > slow_val and self.Position <= 0:
if self.Position < 0:
self.BuyMarket()
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = close
self._cooldown = 100
elif self._prev_fast >= self._prev_slow and fast_val < slow_val and self.Position >= 0:
if self.Position > 0:
self.SellMarket()
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = close
self._cooldown = 100
self._prev_fast = fast_val
self._prev_slow = slow_val
def CreateClone(self):
return one_h_bollinger_bands_strategy()