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Hans123 Trader 策略

策略概述

Hans123 Trader 是将 MetaTrader 5 上的 Hans123_Trader 专家顾问移植到 StockSharp 的突破策略。策略在设定的时间窗口内监控最近 RangeLength 根蜡烛的最高价与最低价，并在区间边界上刷新买入/卖出止损挂单，同时支持止损、止盈以及追踪止损。

工作原理

  1. 订阅指定周期的蜡烛数据，等待 RangeLength 个柱子形成完整的通道。
  2. 每当有新的完整蜡烛产生时：
    • 更新最近 RangeLength 根蜡烛的最高价与最低价。
    • 若当前时间不在 [StartHour, EndHour) 区间内，取消所有挂单并跳过本根蜡烛。
    • 在区间内则撤销旧的挂单，并重新下单：
      • 在最高价处挂出 OrderVolume 手的买入止损单；
      • 在最低价处挂出 OrderVolume 手的卖出止损单。
  3. 当任一挂单成交后：
    • 取消方向相反的挂单，避免双向持仓；
    • 如果设置了止损或止盈距离，则按照点差转换成价格，分别提交对冲方向的止损/止盈挂单。
  4. 在持仓期间：
    • 若价格较开仓价移动了 TrailingStopPips + TrailingStepPips 点，则将止损价格向趋势方向推进 TrailingStopPips 点，实现保本或锁盈；
    • 当仓位回到零时，自动撤销所有保护单并清空内部状态。

参数说明

参数 说明 默认值
OrderVolume 突破时下单的手数/数量。 0.1
RangeLength 计算突破通道的蜡烛数量。 80
StopLossPips 止损距离（点）。填 0 表示不开启。 50
TakeProfitPips 止盈距离（点）。填 0 表示不开启。 50
TrailingStopPips 追踪止损基础距离（点）。填 0 表示关闭追踪。 10
TrailingStepPips 追踪止损再次触发所需的额外点数。追踪开启时必须为正数。 5
StartHour 允许挂单的起始小时（UTC，含）。 6
EndHour 允许挂单的结束小时（UTC，不含）。 10
CandleType 计算所用的蜡烛类型/周期。 1 小时

实践建议

  • CalculatePipSize 会根据证券的小数位自动调整 pip 大小，外汇类 3/5 位报价会得到 ×10 的补偿。
  • 如果 StopLossPips 为 0，但启用了追踪止损，则首次不会生成保护单，只有当价格达到激活距离后才会提交新的止损单。
  • 请确保投资组合的最小/最大成交量限制与 OrderVolume 相匹配。
  • 策略会绘制蜡烛、通道以及成交记录，方便在图表中验证逻辑。

与 MQL5 版本的差异

  • 使用 StockSharp 的 BuyStop/SellStop 等高层 API 注册挂单，而非 MetaTrader 的交易请求接口。
  • 参数通过 StrategyParam 暴露，可直接用于优化器，与原版默认值保持一致。
  • 由于 StockSharp 基于蜡烛完成事件触发，挂单会在每根完成的蜡烛上更新，而非逐 Tick 轮询。

使用步骤

  1. 将策略绑定到目标证券和投资组合，确认蜡烛周期与原始策略设定一致。
  2. 根据交易品种波动性调整止损/止盈和交易时间窗口。
  3. 启动策略并在图表上观察通道与成交标记，确保逻辑符合预期。
  4. 如需回测或优化，可直接使用参数元数据在 StockSharp 测试框架中运行网格搜索。
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Ecng.Common;
using Ecng.Collections;
using Ecng.Serialization;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

/// <summary>
/// Hans123 breakout strategy converted from MQL5.
/// Collects an intraday range and trades pending stop orders within a trading window.
/// Applies configurable stop-loss, take-profit, and trailing protection.
/// </summary>
public class Hans123TraderStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _orderVolume;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _rangeLength;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _stopLossPips;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _takeProfitPips;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _trailingStopPips;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _trailingStepPips;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _startHour;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _endHour;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;

	private Highest _highest = null!;
	private Lowest _lowest = null!;
	private decimal _entryPrice;
	private decimal _pipSize;
	private decimal _highestSinceEntry;
	private decimal _lowestSinceEntry;

	/// <summary>
	/// Volume used for breakout orders.
	/// </summary>
	public decimal OrderVolume
	{
		get => _orderVolume.Value;
		set => _orderVolume.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Number of candles that form the breakout range.
	/// </summary>
	public int RangeLength
	{
		get => _rangeLength.Value;
		set => _rangeLength.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Stop-loss distance expressed in pips.
	/// </summary>
	public int StopLossPips
	{
		get => _stopLossPips.Value;
		set => _stopLossPips.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Take-profit distance expressed in pips.
	/// </summary>
	public int TakeProfitPips
	{
		get => _takeProfitPips.Value;
		set => _takeProfitPips.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Trailing stop distance in pips.
	/// </summary>
	public int TrailingStopPips
	{
		get => _trailingStopPips.Value;
		set => _trailingStopPips.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Extra move (in pips) before trailing activates again.
	/// </summary>
	public int TrailingStepPips
	{
		get => _trailingStepPips.Value;
		set => _trailingStepPips.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Start hour (inclusive) of the trading window.
	/// </summary>
	public int StartHour
	{
		get => _startHour.Value;
		set => _startHour.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// End hour (exclusive) of the trading window.
	/// </summary>
	public int EndHour
	{
		get => _endHour.Value;
		set => _endHour.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Candle type used for calculations.
	/// </summary>
	public DataType CandleType
	{
		get => _candleType.Value;
		set => _candleType.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="Hans123TraderStrategy"/> class.
	/// </summary>
	public Hans123TraderStrategy()
	{
		_orderVolume = Param(nameof(OrderVolume), 0.1m)
			.SetDisplay("Order Volume", "Breakout order volume", "General")
			
			.SetOptimize(0.1m, 2m, 0.1m);

		_rangeLength = Param(nameof(RangeLength), 40)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("Range Length", "Candles in breakout range", "General")
			
			.SetOptimize(40, 120, 10);

		_stopLossPips = Param(nameof(StopLossPips), 50)
			.SetDisplay("Stop Loss (pips)", "Stop-loss distance in pips", "Risk Management")
			
			.SetOptimize(0, 150, 10);

		_takeProfitPips = Param(nameof(TakeProfitPips), 50)
			.SetDisplay("Take Profit (pips)", "Take-profit distance in pips", "Risk Management")
			
			.SetOptimize(0, 200, 10);

		_trailingStopPips = Param(nameof(TrailingStopPips), 10)
			.SetDisplay("Trailing Stop (pips)", "Trailing stop distance in pips", "Risk Management")
			
			.SetOptimize(0, 100, 5);

		_trailingStepPips = Param(nameof(TrailingStepPips), 5)
			.SetDisplay("Trailing Step (pips)", "Extra pips before trailing updates", "Risk Management")
			
			.SetOptimize(0, 50, 5);

		_startHour = Param(nameof(StartHour), 0)
			.SetDisplay("Start Hour", "Hour (UTC) when orders can be placed", "Schedule")
			
			.SetOptimize(0, 23, 1);

		_endHour = Param(nameof(EndHour), 24)
			.SetDisplay("End Hour", "Hour (UTC) when orders stop", "Schedule")
			
			.SetOptimize(1, 24, 1);

		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromHours(3).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Working candle timeframe", "General");
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
	{
		return [(Security, CandleType)];
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();

		_highest = null;
		_lowest = null;
		_entryPrice = 0m;
		_pipSize = 0m;
		_highestSinceEntry = 0m;
		_lowestSinceEntry = 0m;
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);


		_pipSize = CalculatePipSize();

		_highest = new Highest { Length = RangeLength };
		_lowest = new Lowest { Length = RangeLength };

		var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
		subscription.Bind(_highest, _lowest, ProcessCandle).Start();

		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, subscription);
			DrawIndicator(area, _highest);
			DrawIndicator(area, _lowest);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);
		}
	}

	private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal highest, decimal lowest)
	{
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
			return;

		// Check protective levels
		CheckProtection(candle);

		if (!_highest.IsFormed || !_lowest.IsFormed)
			return;

		if (!IsWithinTradingWindow(candle.OpenTime))
			return;

		if (OrderVolume <= 0m || highest <= lowest)
			return;

		// Track extremes for trailing
		if (Position > 0 && candle.HighPrice > _highestSinceEntry)
			_highestSinceEntry = candle.HighPrice;
		if (Position < 0 && (_lowestSinceEntry == 0 || candle.LowPrice < _lowestSinceEntry))
			_lowestSinceEntry = candle.LowPrice;

		// Breakout entry logic
		if (Position == 0)
		{
			if (candle.HighPrice >= highest)
			{
				BuyMarket(OrderVolume);
			}
			else if (candle.LowPrice <= lowest)
			{
				SellMarket(OrderVolume);
			}
		}
	}

	protected override void OnOwnTradeReceived(MyTrade trade)
	{
		base.OnOwnTradeReceived(trade);
		if (trade?.Trade == null) return;
		if (Position != 0m && _entryPrice == 0m)
		{
			_entryPrice = trade.Trade.Price;
			_highestSinceEntry = trade.Trade.Price;
			_lowestSinceEntry = trade.Trade.Price;
		}
		if (Position == 0m)
		{
			_entryPrice = 0m;
			_highestSinceEntry = 0m;
			_lowestSinceEntry = 0m;
		}
	}

	private void CheckProtection(ICandleMessage candle)
	{
		if (Position == 0 || _entryPrice == 0m)
			return;

		var stopDist = StopLossPips > 0 ? StopLossPips * _pipSize : 0m;
		var takeDist = TakeProfitPips > 0 ? TakeProfitPips * _pipSize : 0m;
		var trailDist = TrailingStopPips > 0 ? TrailingStopPips * _pipSize : 0m;
		var activation = (TrailingStopPips + TrailingStepPips) * _pipSize;

		if (Position > 0)
		{
			// Stop loss
			if (stopDist > 0m && candle.LowPrice <= _entryPrice - stopDist)
			{
				SellMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
				return;
			}
			// Take profit
			if (takeDist > 0m && candle.HighPrice >= _entryPrice + takeDist)
			{
				SellMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
				return;
			}
			// Trailing stop
			if (trailDist > 0m && _highestSinceEntry - _entryPrice > activation)
			{
				var trailStop = _highestSinceEntry - trailDist;
				if (candle.LowPrice <= trailStop)
				{
					SellMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
					return;
				}
			}
		}
		else if (Position < 0)
		{
			if (stopDist > 0m && candle.HighPrice >= _entryPrice + stopDist)
			{
				BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
				return;
			}
			if (takeDist > 0m && candle.LowPrice <= _entryPrice - takeDist)
			{
				BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
				return;
			}
			if (trailDist > 0m && _lowestSinceEntry > 0m && _entryPrice - _lowestSinceEntry > activation)
			{
				var trailStop = _lowestSinceEntry + trailDist;
				if (candle.HighPrice >= trailStop)
				{
					BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
					return;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	private decimal CalculatePipSize()
	{
		var step = Security?.PriceStep ?? 1m;
		return step;
	}

	private bool IsWithinTradingWindow(DateTimeOffset time)
	{
		return time.Hour >= StartHour && time.Hour < EndHour;
	}
}