挂单定时策略(Pending Orders By Time)
本策略把 MetaTrader 上的“Pending orders by time”专家顾问移植到 StockSharp。它按照固定时间表运行:在设定的开仓小时到来时,于行情上下各放置一张对称的止损单;到达设定的收盘小时后,会撤销所有未成交的挂单并强制平掉持仓。所有距离参数继续以“点”为单位输入,内部根据品种的最小报价步长转换成真实价格。
策略流程
- 时间触发。 当收盘时间等于开仓小时的蜡烛到达时,策略会在当前最优买价上方放置 Buy Stop,在最优卖价下方放置 Sell Stop,偏移量由
Distance (pips)参数换算得出。 - 保护性订单。
StartProtection根据设定的点数自动附加止损和止盈,同时ManageRisk会在每根收盘蜡烛上再次检查,如果价格已经越过止损或目标则手动市价平仓。 - 日内清算。 当时间进入收盘小时,策略会撤销所有剩余挂单,并无条件平掉持仓,以便下一交易日重新开始。
- 点值换算。 为了兼容三位或五位小数的外汇报价,策略会在计算点值时把价格步长乘以十,与原版 MetaTrader 保持一致。
默认使用 30 分钟蜡烛,以符合原策略“周期小于等于 H1” 的约束。你也可以选择其它时间框架,只要产生的小时标签与需要的开收盘时间匹配即可。
参数
| 名称 | 说明 | 默认值 |
|---|---|---|
Opening Hour |
在该小时(0-23)放置一对挂单。 | 9 |
Closing Hour |
在该小时(0-23)撤销挂单并平仓。 | 2 |
Distance (pips) |
挂单距离当前价的偏移(点)。 | 20 |
Stop Loss (pips) |
开仓后止损的点数。 | 20 |
Take Profit (pips) |
开仓后止盈的点数。 | 500 |
Order Volume |
每张挂单的下单量。 | 0.1 |
Candle Type |
用来驱动时间判断的蜡烛周期。 | 30 分钟 |
所有参数都可以用于优化。点值会通过品种的 PriceStep 自动换算,因此可以在不同小数位的外汇品种上复用。
日内循环
- 每根蜡烛收盘 时检查价格是否已经穿越止损或止盈阈值,若满足条件则立即市价平仓。
- 进入收盘小时 时撤销所有挂单,并把当前持仓清零,避免隔夜风险。
- 进入开仓小时 且没有持仓时,会先保险性地撤销旧挂单,然后重新在买卖价外侧各挂一张止损单,以捕捉向上或向下的突破。
- 运行过程中,
StartProtection创建的平台级保护会在盘中价格触及止损或止盈时立即触发,无需等待蜡烛收盘。
使用提示
- 适用于最小跳动单位等同于“点”的外汇或差价合约。若品种的 tick 值较特殊,需要相应调整距离参数。
- 策略假设每天只进行一次开仓/平仓循环。如使用的时间序列在一天内多次命中设定小时,需要相应调整时间参数。
- 所有决策基于蜡烛收盘,因此应选择与你的交易节奏相符的周期;例如使用 1 小时蜡烛可以完全复现原策略。
- 只有在没有持仓时才会挂出新的止损单,防止在已有突破交易尚未结束时累积风险。
与 MQL 版本的差异
- 止损/止盈通过
StartProtection与显式检查实现,而不是在挂单上直接设置票据属性。 - 报价来自
Security.BestBid和Security.BestAsk,若没有报价则回退到蜡烛收盘价。 - 收盘小时平仓时使用市价单,避免不同经纪商对挂单撤销的差异处理。
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using Ecng.Collections;
using Ecng.Serialization;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Places simulated symmetric stop entries at scheduled hours and manages them with daily resets.
/// </summary>
public class PendingOrdersByTimeStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _openingHour;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _closingHour;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _distancePips;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPips;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _takeProfitPips;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private decimal _pipSize;
private decimal? _pendingBuyPrice;
private decimal? _pendingSellPrice;
private decimal? _entryPrice;
public int OpeningHour
{
get => _openingHour.Value;
set => _openingHour.Value = value;
}
public int ClosingHour
{
get => _closingHour.Value;
set => _closingHour.Value = value;
}
public decimal DistancePips
{
get => _distancePips.Value;
set => _distancePips.Value = value;
}
public decimal StopLossPips
{
get => _stopLossPips.Value;
set => _stopLossPips.Value = value;
}
public decimal TakeProfitPips
{
get => _takeProfitPips.Value;
set => _takeProfitPips.Value = value;
}
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
public PendingOrdersByTimeStrategy()
{
_openingHour = Param(nameof(OpeningHour), 2)
.SetDisplay("Opening Hour", "Hour to activate pending orders", "Schedule")
.SetRange(0, 23);
_closingHour = Param(nameof(ClosingHour), 22)
.SetDisplay("Closing Hour", "Hour to cancel orders and flat positions", "Schedule")
.SetRange(0, 23);
_distancePips = Param(nameof(DistancePips), 500m)
.SetDisplay("Distance (pips)", "Offset for entry stop orders", "Orders")
.SetGreaterThanZero();
_stopLossPips = Param(nameof(StopLossPips), 500m)
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss (pips)", "Protective stop distance", "Risk")
.SetGreaterThanZero();
_takeProfitPips = Param(nameof(TakeProfitPips), 2000m)
.SetDisplay("Take Profit (pips)", "Profit target distance", "Risk")
.SetGreaterThanZero();
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromHours(1).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Working timeframe for the schedule", "General");
}
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_pipSize = 0m;
_pendingBuyPrice = null;
_pendingSellPrice = null;
_entryPrice = null;
}
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_pipSize = CalculatePipSize();
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(ProcessCandle)
.Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private decimal CalculatePipSize()
{
var step = Security?.PriceStep ?? 0.01m;
if (step <= 0m)
return 0.01m;
return step;
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var hour = candle.OpenTime.Hour;
// Check pending stop entries
CheckPendingEntries(candle);
// Manage existing position
ManageRisk(candle);
if (hour == ClosingHour)
{
// Closing hour: cancel pending and exit any open trades.
_pendingBuyPrice = null;
_pendingSellPrice = null;
ExitPosition();
}
if (hour == OpeningHour && hour != ClosingHour && Position == 0m && !_pendingBuyPrice.HasValue)
{
// Opening hour: set up new pending entries.
SetupPendingEntries(candle.ClosePrice);
}
}
private void CheckPendingEntries(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (_pendingBuyPrice is decimal buyPrice && candle.HighPrice >= buyPrice && Position <= 0)
{
if (Position < 0)
BuyMarket();
BuyMarket();
_entryPrice = buyPrice;
_pendingBuyPrice = null;
_pendingSellPrice = null;
return;
}
if (_pendingSellPrice is decimal sellPrice && candle.LowPrice <= sellPrice && Position >= 0)
{
if (Position > 0)
SellMarket();
SellMarket();
_entryPrice = sellPrice;
_pendingBuyPrice = null;
_pendingSellPrice = null;
}
}
private void ManageRisk(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (_pipSize <= 0m || _entryPrice is not decimal entry)
return;
var takeProfitDistance = TakeProfitPips * _pipSize;
var stopLossDistance = StopLossPips * _pipSize;
if (Position > 0m)
{
if (takeProfitDistance > 0m && candle.HighPrice - entry >= takeProfitDistance)
{
SellMarket();
_entryPrice = null;
return;
}
if (stopLossDistance > 0m && entry - candle.LowPrice >= stopLossDistance)
{
SellMarket();
_entryPrice = null;
}
}
else if (Position < 0m)
{
if (takeProfitDistance > 0m && entry - candle.LowPrice >= takeProfitDistance)
{
BuyMarket();
_entryPrice = null;
return;
}
if (stopLossDistance > 0m && candle.HighPrice - entry >= stopLossDistance)
{
BuyMarket();
_entryPrice = null;
}
}
}
private void ExitPosition()
{
if (Position > 0m)
SellMarket();
else if (Position < 0m)
BuyMarket();
_entryPrice = null;
}
private void SetupPendingEntries(decimal referencePrice)
{
if (_pipSize <= 0m)
return;
var distance = DistancePips * _pipSize;
if (distance <= 0m)
return;
_pendingBuyPrice = referencePrice + distance;
_pendingSellPrice = referencePrice - distance;
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
from System import TimeSpan
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class pending_orders_by_time_strategy(Strategy):
"""Places symmetric stop entries at scheduled hours with daily resets and SL/TP management."""
def __init__(self):
super(pending_orders_by_time_strategy, self).__init__()
self._opening_hour = self.Param("OpeningHour", 2) \
.SetDisplay("Opening Hour", "Hour to activate pending orders", "Schedule")
self._closing_hour = self.Param("ClosingHour", 22) \
.SetDisplay("Closing Hour", "Hour to cancel orders and flat positions", "Schedule")
self._distance_pips = self.Param("DistancePips", 500.0) \
.SetGreaterThanZero() \
.SetDisplay("Distance (pips)", "Offset for entry stop orders", "Orders")
self._stop_loss_pips = self.Param("StopLossPips", 500.0) \
.SetGreaterThanZero() \
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss (pips)", "Protective stop distance", "Risk")
self._take_profit_pips = self.Param("TakeProfitPips", 2000.0) \
.SetGreaterThanZero() \
.SetDisplay("Take Profit (pips)", "Profit target distance", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromHours(1))) \
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Working timeframe for the schedule", "General")
self._pip_size = 0.0
self._pending_buy_price = None
self._pending_sell_price = None
self._entry_price = None
@property
def OpeningHour(self):
return int(self._opening_hour.Value)
@property
def ClosingHour(self):
return int(self._closing_hour.Value)
@property
def DistancePips(self):
return float(self._distance_pips.Value)
@property
def StopLossPips(self):
return float(self._stop_loss_pips.Value)
@property
def TakeProfitPips(self):
return float(self._take_profit_pips.Value)
@property
def CandleType(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _calculate_pip_size(self):
sec = self.Security
step = float(sec.PriceStep) if sec is not None and sec.PriceStep is not None else 0.01
if step <= 0:
return 0.01
return step
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(pending_orders_by_time_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._pip_size = self._calculate_pip_size()
self._pending_buy_price = None
self._pending_sell_price = None
self._entry_price = None
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.CandleType)
subscription.Bind(self.process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
hour = candle.OpenTime.Hour
# Check pending stop entries
self._check_pending_entries(candle)
# Manage existing position
self._manage_risk(candle)
if hour == self.ClosingHour:
# Closing hour: cancel pending and exit any open trades
self._pending_buy_price = None
self._pending_sell_price = None
self._exit_position()
if hour == self.OpeningHour and hour != self.ClosingHour and self.Position == 0 and self._pending_buy_price is None:
# Opening hour: set up new pending entries
self._setup_pending_entries(float(candle.ClosePrice))
def _check_pending_entries(self, candle):
h = float(candle.HighPrice)
lo = float(candle.LowPrice)
if self._pending_buy_price is not None and h >= self._pending_buy_price and self.Position <= 0:
if self.Position < 0:
self.BuyMarket()
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = self._pending_buy_price
self._pending_buy_price = None
self._pending_sell_price = None
return
if self._pending_sell_price is not None and lo <= self._pending_sell_price and self.Position >= 0:
if self.Position > 0:
self.SellMarket()
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = self._pending_sell_price
self._pending_buy_price = None
self._pending_sell_price = None
def _manage_risk(self, candle):
if self._pip_size <= 0 or self._entry_price is None:
return
h = float(candle.HighPrice)
lo = float(candle.LowPrice)
entry = self._entry_price
tp_dist = self.TakeProfitPips * self._pip_size
sl_dist = self.StopLossPips * self._pip_size
if self.Position > 0:
if tp_dist > 0 and h - entry >= tp_dist:
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = None
return
if sl_dist > 0 and entry - lo >= sl_dist:
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = None
elif self.Position < 0:
if tp_dist > 0 and entry - lo >= tp_dist:
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = None
return
if sl_dist > 0 and h - entry >= sl_dist:
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = None
def _exit_position(self):
if self.Position > 0:
self.SellMarket()
elif self.Position < 0:
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = None
def _setup_pending_entries(self, reference_price):
if self._pip_size <= 0:
return
distance = self.DistancePips * self._pip_size
if distance <= 0:
return
self._pending_buy_price = reference_price + distance
self._pending_sell_price = reference_price - distance
def OnReseted(self):
super(pending_orders_by_time_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._pip_size = 0.0
self._pending_buy_price = None
self._pending_sell_price = None
self._entry_price = None
def CreateClone(self):
return pending_orders_by_time_strategy()