Z-Score リバーサル戦略
Z-Score リバーサル戦略は、価格が移動平均からどれだけ標準偏差分乖離しているかを測定します。算出されたZ-Scoreは、平均に戻る可能性のある統計的に過度に伸びた状態を浮き彫りにします。
テストによると、平均年間リターンは約91%です。株式市場で最も高いパフォーマンスを発揮します。
Z-Scoreが負の閾値を下回ると、市場が売られすぎであることを示すロングポジションが開かれます。Z-Scoreが正の閾値を上回ると、ショートトレードが取られます。Z-Scoreがゼロに戻ると、価格が正常化したことを示し、ポジションが決済されます。
この手法は、客観的なエントリーレベルを好む平均回帰トレーダーにとって魅力的です。ストップロスのパーセンテージにより、回帰を待つ間の不利な動きを管理可能な状態に保ちます。
詳細
- エントリー条件:
- ロング: Z-Score < -閾値
- ショート: Z-Score > 閾値
- ロング/ショート: 両方。
- エグジット条件:
- ロング: Z-Scoreが0を上抜けた時に決済
- ショート: Z-Scoreが0を下抜けた時に決済
- ストップ: あり、パーセンテージストップロス。
- デフォルト値:
LookbackPeriod= 20ZScoreThreshold= 2StopLossPercent= 2 Z-Scoreは(終値 - SMA) / StdDevで、単純移動平均と終値の標準偏差は同じLookbackPeriod本で計算します。ストップはエントリー価格の固定StopLossPercentで、ローソク足の間も監視されます。 保有ポジションと逆方向のエントリーシグナルはドテンになります。CandleType= TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10)
- フィルター:
- カテゴリ: 平均回帰
- 方向: 両方
- インジケーター: Z-Score
- ストップ: あり
- 複雑さ: 中級
- 時間軸: イントラデイ
- 季節性: いいえ
- ニューラルネットワーク: いいえ
- ダイバージェンス: いいえ
- リスクレベル: 中
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// ZScore Reversal strategy.
/// The Z-Score is the distance of the close from the LookbackPeriod simple moving average in standard deviations over the same candles.
/// A Z-Score below minus ZScoreThreshold goes long and one above ZScoreThreshold goes short, reversing an opposite position.
/// A long closes once the Z-Score crosses above zero and a short once it crosses below, and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class ZScoreReversalStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _lookbackPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _zScoreThreshold;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
/// <summary>
/// Period of the moving average and the standard deviation.
/// </summary>
public int LookbackPeriod
{
get => _lookbackPeriod.Value;
set => _lookbackPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Z-Score distance from zero that opens a position.
/// </summary>
public decimal ZScoreThreshold
{
get => _zScoreThreshold.Value;
set => _zScoreThreshold.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public ZScoreReversalStrategy()
{
_lookbackPeriod = Param(nameof(LookbackPeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Lookback Period", "Period of the moving average and the standard deviation", "Indicators");
_zScoreThreshold = Param(nameof(ZScoreThreshold), 2m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Z-Score Threshold", "Z-Score distance from zero that opens a position", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
var ma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = LookbackPeriod };
var stdev = new StandardDeviation { Length = LookbackPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(ma, stdev, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, ma);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
if (oscillators != null)
{
DrawIndicator(oscillators, stdev);
}
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue maValue, IIndicatorValue stdDevValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!maValue.IsFormed || !stdDevValue.IsFormed)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var deviation = stdDevValue.GetValue<decimal>();
if (deviation == 0)
return;
var zScore = (candle.ClosePrice - maValue.GetValue<decimal>()) / deviation;
if (zScore < -ZScoreThreshold && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (zScore > ZScoreThreshold && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && zScore > 0)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && zScore < 0)
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import SimpleMovingAverage, StandardDeviation
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class z_score_reversal_strategy(Strategy):
"""
ZScore Reversal strategy.
The Z-Score is the distance of the close from the LookbackPeriod simple moving average in standard deviations over the same candles.
A Z-Score below minus ZScoreThreshold goes long and one above ZScoreThreshold goes short, reversing an opposite position.
A long closes once the Z-Score crosses above zero and a short once it crosses below, and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(z_score_reversal_strategy, self).__init__()
self._lookback_period = self.Param("LookbackPeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Lookback Period", "Period of the moving average and the standard deviation", "Indicators")
self._z_score_threshold = self.Param("ZScoreThreshold", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Z-Score Threshold", "Z-Score distance from zero that opens a position", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(10))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(z_score_reversal_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
ma = SimpleMovingAverage()
ma.Length = self._lookback_period.Value
stdev = StandardDeviation()
stdev.Length = self._lookback_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(ma, stdev, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, ma)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
oscillators = self.CreateChartArea()
if oscillators is not None:
self.DrawIndicator(oscillators, stdev)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, ma_value, std_dev_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not ma_value.IsFormed or not std_dev_value.IsFormed:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
deviation = std_dev_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
if deviation == 0:
return
z_score = (candle.ClosePrice - ma_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)) / deviation
threshold = Decimal(self._z_score_threshold.Value)
if z_score < -threshold and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif z_score > threshold and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and z_score > 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and z_score < 0:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def CreateClone(self):
return z_score_reversal_strategy()