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Outside Bar Reversal Strategy

An outside bar occurs when a candle's range exceeds that of the previous candle, creating a brief surge of volatility. This strategy fades the move if the outside bar closes in the opposite direction of the prior trend, expecting a snap back toward equilibrium.

Testing indicates an average annual return of about 121%. It performs best in the crypto market.

When an outside bar forms, the algorithm determines whether the candle is bullish or bearish. A bullish outside bar after a decline opens a long position with a stop below the bar's low. A bearish outside bar after a rally triggers a short with a stop above its high. Trades exit if price subsequently breaks through that extreme.

The setup seeks quick reversals following an exhaustive thrust and is best used when markets are choppy rather than trending strongly.

Details

  • Entry Criteria: Outside bar closing opposite the previous move.
  • Long/Short: Both.
  • Exit Criteria: Price breaking outside bar high/low or stop-loss.
  • Stops: Yes, placed beyond the pattern.
  • Default Values:
    • CandleType = 5 minute
    • StopLossPercent = 1
  • Filters:
    • Category: Pattern
    • Direction: Both
    • Indicators: Candlestick
    • Stops: Yes
    • Complexity: Intermediate
    • Timeframe: Intraday
    • Seasonality: No
    • Neural networks: No
    • Divergence: No
    • Risk level: Medium
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Ecng.Common;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

/// <summary>
/// Outside Bar Reversal strategy.
/// Detects outside bar patterns (higher high and lower low than previous bar).
/// Bullish outside bar = buy, bearish outside bar = sell.
/// Uses SMA for exit signals.
/// </summary>
public class OutsideBarReversalStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _maPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _cooldownBars;

	private ICandleMessage _prevCandle;
	private int _cooldown;

	/// <summary>
	/// MA Period.
	/// </summary>
	public int MAPeriod
	{
		get => _maPeriod.Value;
		set => _maPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Candle type.
	/// </summary>
	public DataType CandleType
	{
		get => _candleType.Value;
		set => _candleType.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Cooldown bars.
	/// </summary>
	public int CooldownBars
	{
		get => _cooldownBars.Value;
		set => _cooldownBars.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Constructor.
	/// </summary>
	public OutsideBarReversalStrategy()
	{
		_maPeriod = Param(nameof(MAPeriod), 20)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("MA Period", "Period for SMA", "Indicators");

		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");

		_cooldownBars = Param(nameof(CooldownBars), 500)
			.SetRange(1, 1000)
			.SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait between trades", "General");
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
	{
		return [(Security, CandleType)];
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();
		_prevCandle = null;
		_cooldown = default;
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);

		_prevCandle = null;
		_cooldown = 0;

		var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = MAPeriod };

		var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
		subscription
			.Bind(sma, ProcessCandle)
			.Start();

		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, subscription);
			DrawIndicator(area, sma);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);
		}
	}

	private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal smaValue)
	{
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
			return;

		if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
			return;

		if (_cooldown > 0)
		{
			_cooldown--;
			_prevCandle = candle;
			return;
		}

		if (_prevCandle != null)
		{
			// Outside bar: higher high AND lower low than previous bar
			var isOutsideBar = candle.HighPrice > _prevCandle.HighPrice && candle.LowPrice < _prevCandle.LowPrice;

			if (isOutsideBar)
			{
				var isBullish = candle.ClosePrice > candle.OpenPrice;
				var isBearish = candle.ClosePrice < candle.OpenPrice;

				if (Position == 0 && isBullish)
				{
					BuyMarket();
					_cooldown = CooldownBars;
				}
				else if (Position == 0 && isBearish)
				{
					SellMarket();
					_cooldown = CooldownBars;
				}
			}

			// Exit logic using SMA
			if (Position > 0 && candle.ClosePrice < smaValue)
			{
				SellMarket();
				_cooldown = CooldownBars;
			}
			else if (Position < 0 && candle.ClosePrice > smaValue)
			{
				BuyMarket();
				_cooldown = CooldownBars;
			}
		}

		_prevCandle = candle;
	}
}