Estratégia de Temporizador
A estratégia de Temporizador recalcula os níveis de rompimento em intervalos de tempo fixos e opera quando o preço cruza esses limiares dinâmicos. Os níveis são posicionados usando o Average True Range (ATR) e uma distância adicional opcional em pips. A abordagem busca capturar rompimentos de curto prazo em qualquer direção.
A cada WaitSeconds, a estratégia define:
- Nível de compra em
close + pipDistance + ATR. - Nível de venda em
close - pipDistance - ATR.
Quando o próximo candle concluído fecha além de um desses níveis, uma ordem de mercado é colocada na direção correspondente. A posição é protegida por stop-loss, take-profit e trailing stop configuráveis.
O trading pode ser limitado a uma janela de tempo específica usando as configurações de horas de negociação.
Parâmetros
WaitSeconds– segundos entre recálculos de níveis.PipDistance– distância adicional do preço atual, em pontos.AtrPeriod– período do indicador ATR.TakeProfit– distância do take-profit em pontos.StopLoss– distância do stop-loss em pontos.TrailingStop– distância do trailing stop em pontos.TradeVolume– volume da ordem.CandleType– tipo de candle para os cálculos.UseTradingHours– habilitar filtro de horário de trading.StartTime– horário de início do trading.StopTime– horário de fim do trading.
Como funciona
- Inscrição em candles e cálculo do ATR.
- Em cada candle concluído:
- Se o intervalo de tempo configurado passou, novos níveis de compra e venda são calculados.
- Se as horas de trading estiverem habilitadas, verifica se o horário atual está dentro da janela permitida.
- Ordem de mercado de compra ou venda é colocada se o preço cruzar o nível correspondente.
- Stop-loss, take-profit e trailing stop são gerenciados automaticamente pela infraestrutura da estratégia.
Notas
- A estratégia opera comprado e vendido.
- Funciona em qualquer instrumento e período.
- Os níveis baseados em ATR se adaptam à volatilidade do mercado, permitindo detecção flexível de rompimentos.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Timer ATR breakout strategy.
/// </summary>
public class TimerStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _waitSeconds;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _pipDistance;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _atrPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _takeProfit;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLoss;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _trailingStop;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _tradeVolume;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<bool> _useTradingHours;
private readonly StrategyParam<TimeSpan> _startTime;
private readonly StrategyParam<TimeSpan> _stopTime;
private readonly List<Order> _pendingOrders = [];
private DateTimeOffset? _lastLevelTime;
private decimal? _buyLevel;
private decimal? _sellLevel;
private decimal? _trailExtreme;
public int WaitSeconds { get => _waitSeconds.Value; set => _waitSeconds.Value = value; }
public decimal PipDistance { get => _pipDistance.Value; set => _pipDistance.Value = value; }
public int AtrPeriod { get => _atrPeriod.Value; set => _atrPeriod.Value = value; }
public decimal TakeProfit { get => _takeProfit.Value; set => _takeProfit.Value = value; }
public decimal StopLoss { get => _stopLoss.Value; set => _stopLoss.Value = value; }
public decimal TrailingStop { get => _trailingStop.Value; set => _trailingStop.Value = value; }
public decimal TradeVolume { get => _tradeVolume.Value; set => _tradeVolume.Value = value; }
public DataType CandleType { get => _candleType.Value; set => _candleType.Value = value; }
public bool UseTradingHours { get => _useTradingHours.Value; set => _useTradingHours.Value = value; }
public TimeSpan StartTime { get => _startTime.Value; set => _startTime.Value = value; }
public TimeSpan StopTime { get => _stopTime.Value; set => _stopTime.Value = value; }
public TimerStrategy()
{
_waitSeconds = Param(nameof(WaitSeconds), 60).SetGreaterThanZero();
_pipDistance = Param(nameof(PipDistance), 10m).SetNotNegative();
_atrPeriod = Param(nameof(AtrPeriod), 14).SetGreaterThanZero();
_takeProfit = Param(nameof(TakeProfit), 100m).SetNotNegative();
_stopLoss = Param(nameof(StopLoss), 50m).SetNotNegative();
_trailingStop = Param(nameof(TrailingStop), 0m).SetNotNegative();
_tradeVolume = Param(nameof(TradeVolume), 1m).SetGreaterThanZero();
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1).TimeFrame());
_useTradingHours = Param(nameof(UseTradingHours), false);
_startTime = Param(nameof(StartTime), TimeSpan.Zero);
_stopTime = Param(nameof(StopTime), new TimeSpan(23, 59, 59));
OrderRegistering += _pendingOrders.Add;
}
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
=> [(Security, CandleType)];
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_lastLevelTime = null;
_buyLevel = null;
_sellLevel = null;
_trailExtreme = null;
_pendingOrders.Clear();
}
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
var point = Security?.PriceStep ?? 1m;
if (point <= 0m)
point = 1m;
var take = TakeProfit > 0m ? new Unit(TakeProfit * point, UnitTypes.Absolute) : null;
var stop = StopLoss > 0m ? new Unit(StopLoss * point, UnitTypes.Absolute) : null;
if (take is not null || stop is not null)
StartProtection(take, stop, useMarketOrders: true);
var atr = new AverageTrueRange { Length = AtrPeriod };
SubscribeCandles(CandleType)
.Bind(atr, (candle, atrValue) =>
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished || !atr.IsFormed || atrValue <= 0m)
return;
ProcessCandle(candle, atrValue);
})
.Start();
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal atr)
{
var now = candle.CloseTime;
var point = Security?.PriceStep ?? 1m;
if (point <= 0m)
point = 1m;
var position = ApplyTrailingStop(candle, GetExpectedPosition(), point);
if (IsTradingTime(now.TimeOfDay))
{
if (_buyLevel is decimal buy && candle.ClosePrice >= buy && position <= 0m)
{
BuyMarket(TradeVolume + Math.Abs(position));
_trailExtreme = candle.ClosePrice;
}
else if (_sellLevel is decimal sell && candle.ClosePrice <= sell && position >= 0m)
{
SellMarket(TradeVolume + Math.Abs(position));
_trailExtreme = candle.ClosePrice;
}
}
if (_lastLevelTime is null || now - _lastLevelTime.Value >= TimeSpan.FromSeconds(WaitSeconds))
{
(_buyLevel, _sellLevel) = CalculateLevels(candle.ClosePrice, PipDistance, point, atr);
_lastLevelTime = now;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Position once the orders still in flight are filled. Protection registers its exit before the
/// candle handler runs, so the handler must not close or size against the position that exit closes.
/// </summary>
private decimal GetExpectedPosition()
{
_pendingOrders.RemoveAll(order => order.State is OrderStates.Done or OrderStates.Failed);
var position = Position;
foreach (var order in _pendingOrders)
position += order.Side == Sides.Buy ? order.Balance : -order.Balance;
return position;
}
private decimal ApplyTrailingStop(ICandleMessage candle, decimal position, decimal point)
{
if (position == 0m)
{
_trailExtreme = null;
return position;
}
if (TrailingStop <= 0m || _trailExtreme is not decimal extreme)
return position;
var trail = TrailingStop * point;
// Earlier candles set the extreme: within this candle the order of high and low is unknown.
if (position > 0m)
{
if (candle.LowPrice <= extreme - trail)
{
SellMarket(position);
_trailExtreme = null;
return 0m;
}
_trailExtreme = Math.Max(extreme, candle.HighPrice);
}
else
{
if (candle.HighPrice >= extreme + trail)
{
BuyMarket(-position);
_trailExtreme = null;
return 0m;
}
_trailExtreme = Math.Min(extreme, candle.LowPrice);
}
return position;
}
private bool IsTradingTime(TimeSpan time)
{
if (!UseTradingHours)
return true;
return StartTime <= StopTime
? time >= StartTime && time <= StopTime
: time >= StartTime || time <= StopTime;
}
internal static (decimal buy, decimal sell) CalculateLevels(
decimal close,
decimal pipDistancePoints,
decimal priceStep,
decimal atr)
{
var distance = pipDistancePoints * priceStep + atr;
return (close + distance, close - distance);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
from System import TimeSpan, Math, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, OrderStates, Sides
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import AverageTrueRange
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class timer_strategy(Strategy):
def __init__(self):
super(timer_strategy, self).__init__()
self._wait_seconds = self.Param("WaitSeconds", 60).SetGreaterThanZero()
self._pip_distance = self.Param("PipDistance", 10.0).SetNotNegative()
self._atr_period = self.Param("AtrPeriod", 14).SetGreaterThanZero()
self._take_profit = self.Param("TakeProfit", 100.0).SetNotNegative()
self._stop_loss = self.Param("StopLoss", 50.0).SetNotNegative()
self._trailing_stop = self.Param("TrailingStop", 0.0).SetNotNegative()
self._trade_volume = self.Param("TradeVolume", 1.0).SetGreaterThanZero()
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1)))
self._use_trading_hours = self.Param("UseTradingHours", False)
self._start_time = self.Param("StartTime", TimeSpan.Zero)
self._stop_time = self.Param("StopTime", TimeSpan(23, 59, 59))
self._pending_orders = []
self._last_level_time = None
self._buy_level = None
self._sell_level = None
self._trail_extreme = None
self.OrderRegistering += self._track_pending_order
def GetWorkingSecurities(self):
return [(self.Security, self._candle_type.Value)]
def OnReseted(self):
super(timer_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._last_level_time = None
self._buy_level = None
self._sell_level = None
self._trail_extreme = None
self._pending_orders = []
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(timer_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
point = float(self.Security.PriceStep) if self.Security is not None and self.Security.PriceStep is not None else 1.0
if point <= 0:
point = 1.0
tp = float(self._take_profit.Value)
sl = float(self._stop_loss.Value)
take = Unit(tp * point, UnitTypes.Absolute) if tp > 0 else None
stop = Unit(sl * point, UnitTypes.Absolute) if sl > 0 else None
if take is not None or stop is not None:
self.StartProtection(take, stop, useMarketOrders=True)
atr = AverageTrueRange()
atr.Length = int(self._atr_period.Value)
def on_candle(candle, atr_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished or not atr.IsFormed or float(atr_value) <= 0:
return
self._process_candle(candle, float(atr_value))
self.SubscribeCandles(self._candle_type.Value).Bind(atr, on_candle).Start()
def _process_candle(self, candle, atr):
now = candle.CloseTime
step = self.Security.PriceStep if self.Security is not None else None
point = step if step is not None and step > 0 else Decimal.One
position = self._apply_trailing_stop(candle, self._expected_position(), point)
if self._is_trading_time(now.TimeOfDay):
close = float(candle.ClosePrice)
volume = float(self._trade_volume.Value) + abs(float(position))
if self._buy_level is not None and close >= self._buy_level and position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(volume)
self._trail_extreme = candle.ClosePrice
elif self._sell_level is not None and close <= self._sell_level and position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(volume)
self._trail_extreme = candle.ClosePrice
wait = int(self._wait_seconds.Value)
if self._last_level_time is None or (now - self._last_level_time).TotalSeconds >= wait:
self._buy_level, self._sell_level = self.calculate_levels(
float(candle.ClosePrice), float(self._pip_distance.Value), float(point), atr)
self._last_level_time = now
def _track_pending_order(self, order):
self._pending_orders.append(order)
def _expected_position(self):
# Protection registers its exit before the candle handler runs, so the handler must not
# close or size against the position that exit closes.
self._pending_orders = [o for o in self._pending_orders if o.State not in (OrderStates.Done, OrderStates.Failed)]
position = self.Position
for order in self._pending_orders:
if order.Side == Sides.Buy:
position += order.Balance
else:
position -= order.Balance
return position
def _apply_trailing_stop(self, candle, position, point):
if position == 0:
self._trail_extreme = None
return position
trailing_stop = float(self._trailing_stop.Value)
if trailing_stop <= 0 or self._trail_extreme is None:
return position
trail = Decimal(trailing_stop) * point
extreme = self._trail_extreme
# Earlier candles set the extreme: within this candle the order of high and low is unknown.
if position > 0:
if candle.LowPrice <= extreme - trail:
self.SellMarket(position)
self._trail_extreme = None
return Decimal.Zero
self._trail_extreme = Math.Max(extreme, candle.HighPrice)
else:
if candle.HighPrice >= extreme + trail:
self.BuyMarket(Math.Abs(position))
self._trail_extreme = None
return Decimal.Zero
self._trail_extreme = Math.Min(extreme, candle.LowPrice)
return position
def _is_trading_time(self, value):
if not bool(self._use_trading_hours.Value):
return True
start = self._start_time.Value
stop = self._stop_time.Value
return start <= value <= stop if start <= stop else value >= start or value <= stop
@staticmethod
def calculate_levels(close, pip_distance_points, price_step, atr):
distance = pip_distance_points * price_step + atr
return close + distance, close - distance
def CreateClone(self):
return timer_strategy()