A estratégia Reversão por Preenchimento de Gap aproveita gaps noturnos que recuam rapidamente durante a próxima sessão. Quando o preço forma um gap afastando-se do fechamento anterior, mas imediatamente retorna para preencher esse vazio, isso frequentemente sinaliza exaustão do movimento inicial.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 181%. Funciona melhor no mercado de criptomoedas.
A estratégia entra assim que o gap está completamente fechado e procura uma reversão na direção oposta à abertura. O objetivo é capturar o recuo que ocorre quando traders presos encerram suas posições.
Um stop baseado em percentual define o risco, e as posições fecham quando o momentum diminui ou o stop é atingido.
Detalhes
Critérios de entrada: correspondência de padrão
Comprado/Vendido: Ambos
Critérios de saída: stop-loss ou sinal oposto
Stops: Sim, baseado em percentual
Valores padrão:
CandleType = 15 minutos
MinGapPercent = 0.02
Um gap é uma abertura a pelo menos MinGapPercent do fechamento da vela anterior; o mercado negocia 24 horas, então os gaps são medidos entre velas consecutivas. O gap é fechado quando a mesma vela volta a esse fechamento, e o sinal oposto inverte a posição.
StopLossPercent = 2
Filtros:
Categoria: Padrão
Direção: Ambos
Indicadores: Gap
Stops: Sim
Complexidade: Intermediário
Período: Intradiário
Sazonalidade: Não
Redes neurais: Não
Divergência: Não
Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Gap Fill Reversal strategy.
/// A gap is an open at least MinGapPercent away from the previous close. When the same candle trades back to the previous close,
/// filling the gap, the position turns against the gap: short after a gap up, long after a gap down. A percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class GapFillReversalStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _minGapPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private decimal? _prevClose;
/// <summary>
/// Minimum gap between the previous close and the open, in percent.
/// </summary>
public decimal MinGapPercent
{
get => _minGapPercent.Value;
set => _minGapPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop-loss percentage.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public GapFillReversalStrategy()
{
_minGapPercent = Param(nameof(MinGapPercent), 0.02m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Min Gap %", "Minimum gap between the previous close and the open", "Pattern");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_prevClose = null;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_prevClose = null;
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var prevClose = _prevClose;
_prevClose = candle.ClosePrice;
if (prevClose is not decimal last || last <= 0 || !IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var gap = (candle.OpenPrice - last) / last * 100m;
if (gap >= MinGapPercent && candle.LowPrice <= last && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (-gap >= MinGapPercent && candle.HighPrice >= last && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Math, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class gap_fill_reversal_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Gap Fill Reversal strategy.
A gap is an open at least MinGapPercent away from the previous close. When the same candle trades back to the previous close,
filling the gap, the position turns against the gap: short after a gap up, long after a gap down. A percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(gap_fill_reversal_strategy, self).__init__()
self._min_gap_percent = self.Param("MinGapPercent", 0.02).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Min Gap %", "Minimum gap between the previous close and the open", "Pattern")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._prev_close = None
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(gap_fill_reversal_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._prev_close = None
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(gap_fill_reversal_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._prev_close = None
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
prev_close = self._prev_close
self._prev_close = candle.ClosePrice
if prev_close is None or prev_close <= 0 or not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
gap = (candle.OpenPrice - prev_close) / prev_close * Decimal(100)
min_gap = Decimal(self._min_gap_percent.Value)
if gap >= min_gap and candle.LowPrice <= prev_close and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
elif -gap >= min_gap and candle.HighPrice >= prev_close and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
def CreateClone(self):
return gap_fill_reversal_strategy()