Die Gap Fill Reversal-Strategie nutzt Overnight-Gaps, die in der nächsten Sitzung schnell zurückverfolgt werden. Wenn der Preis vom vorherigen Schlusskurs aufgappt, aber sofort zurückkehrt, um diesen Leerraum zu füllen, signalisiert dies oft eine Erschöpfung der anfänglichen Bewegung.
Tests zeigen eine durchschnittliche jährliche Rendite von etwa 181%. Die Strategie funktioniert am besten am Kryptomarkt.
Die Strategie steigt ein, sobald das Gap vollständig geschlossen ist, und sucht nach einer Umkehr in die entgegengesetzte Richtung der Eröffnung. Sie zielt darauf ab, den Rückprall zu erfassen, der auftritt, wenn gefangene Trader ihre Positionen schließen.
Ein prozentualer Stop definiert das Risiko, und Positionen schließen, wenn der Schwung nachlässt oder der Stop ausgelöst wird.
Details
Einstiegskriterien: Mustererkennung
Long/Short: Beide
Ausstiegskriterien: Stop-Loss oder entgegengesetztes Signal
Stops: Ja, prozentbasiert
Standardwerte:
CandleType = 15 Minuten
MinGapPercent = 0.02
Eine Lücke ist eine Eröffnung mindestens MinGapPercent vom Schluss der Vorkerze entfernt; der Markt handelt rund um die Uhr, daher werden Lücken zwischen aufeinanderfolgenden Kerzen gemessen. Die Lücke ist geschlossen, wenn dieselbe Kerze zu diesem Schluss zurückkehrt, und das Gegensignal dreht die Position.
StopLossPercent = 2
Filter:
Kategorie: Muster
Richtung: Beide
Indikatoren: Gap
Stops: Ja
Komplexität: Mittel
Zeitrahmen: Intraday
Saisonalität: Nein
Neuronale Netze: Nein
Divergenz: Nein
Risikolevel: Mittel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Gap Fill Reversal strategy.
/// A gap is an open at least MinGapPercent away from the previous close. When the same candle trades back to the previous close,
/// filling the gap, the position turns against the gap: short after a gap up, long after a gap down. A percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class GapFillReversalStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _minGapPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private decimal? _prevClose;
/// <summary>
/// Minimum gap between the previous close and the open, in percent.
/// </summary>
public decimal MinGapPercent
{
get => _minGapPercent.Value;
set => _minGapPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop-loss percentage.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public GapFillReversalStrategy()
{
_minGapPercent = Param(nameof(MinGapPercent), 0.02m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Min Gap %", "Minimum gap between the previous close and the open", "Pattern");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_prevClose = null;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_prevClose = null;
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var prevClose = _prevClose;
_prevClose = candle.ClosePrice;
if (prevClose is not decimal last || last <= 0 || !IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var gap = (candle.OpenPrice - last) / last * 100m;
if (gap >= MinGapPercent && candle.LowPrice <= last && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (-gap >= MinGapPercent && candle.HighPrice >= last && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Math, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class gap_fill_reversal_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Gap Fill Reversal strategy.
A gap is an open at least MinGapPercent away from the previous close. When the same candle trades back to the previous close,
filling the gap, the position turns against the gap: short after a gap up, long after a gap down. A percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(gap_fill_reversal_strategy, self).__init__()
self._min_gap_percent = self.Param("MinGapPercent", 0.02).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Min Gap %", "Minimum gap between the previous close and the open", "Pattern")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._prev_close = None
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(gap_fill_reversal_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._prev_close = None
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(gap_fill_reversal_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._prev_close = None
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
prev_close = self._prev_close
self._prev_close = candle.ClosePrice
if prev_close is None or prev_close <= 0 or not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
gap = (candle.OpenPrice - prev_close) / prev_close * Decimal(100)
min_gap = Decimal(self._min_gap_percent.Value)
if gap >= min_gap and candle.LowPrice <= prev_close and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
elif -gap >= min_gap and candle.HighPrice >= prev_close and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
def CreateClone(self):
return gap_fill_reversal_strategy()