Estratégia de Reversão com Doji
As velas Doji refletem um equilíbrio temporário entre compradores e vendedores. Quando um doji aparece após um movimento direcional forte, pode preceder uma reversão à medida que o momentum se dissipa. Esta estratégia mede o corpo da vela em relação ao seu intervalo para determinar se um verdadeiro doji foi formado.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 103%. Funciona melhor no mercado de ações.
Uma vez detectado um doji, as velas anteriores são verificadas para identificar uma tendência de alta ou de baixa. Um doji após uma queda pode acionar uma entrada comprada, enquanto um após uma alta pode abrir uma posição vendida. Os stops são colocados a uma distância percentual da entrada e as saídas ocorrem se o preço romper além dos extremos do doji.
O método busca capturar a primeira reação a partir do doji e é mais adequado para gráficos intradiários, onde reversões rápidas frequentemente se desenvolvem.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada: Vela Doji após um movimento direcional.
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos.
- Critérios de saída: Preço se movendo além da máxima/mínima do doji ou stop-loss.
- Stops: Sim, baseados em percentual.
- Valores padrão:
CandleType= 5 minuteDojiThreshold= 0.1StopLossPercent= 1
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Padrão
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: Candlestick
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Intermediário
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Enters against the preceding two-close move on a finished doji.
/// Exits at the opposite doji extreme or native actual-fill percent protection.
/// </summary>
public class DojiReversalStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _dojiThreshold;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private ICandleMessage _older;
private ICandleMessage _previous;
private decimal? _targetHigh;
private decimal? _targetLow;
private Order _pendingOrder;
public DataType CandleType { get => _candleType.Value; set => _candleType.Value = value; }
public decimal DojiThreshold { get => _dojiThreshold.Value; set => _dojiThreshold.Value = value; }
public decimal StopLossPercent { get => _stopLossPercent.Value; set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value; }
public DojiReversalStrategy()
{
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Doji and prior-close timeframe", "General");
_dojiThreshold = Param(nameof(DojiThreshold), 0.1m).SetRange(0m, 1m)
.SetDisplay("Doji Threshold", "Strict upper bound for absolute body divided by high-low range", "Pattern");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 1m).SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it", "Protection");
OrderRegistering += order =>
{
_pendingOrder = order;
if (Position > 0m && order.Side == Sides.Sell ||
Position < 0m && order.Side == Sides.Buy)
_targetHigh = _targetLow = null;
};
}
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
=> [(Security, CandleType), (Security, DataType.Level1)];
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
ClearState();
}
private void ClearState()
{
_older = _previous = null;
_targetHigh = _targetLow = null;
_pendingOrder = null;
}
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
ClearState();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ProcessQuote).Start();
}
var candles = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
candles.Bind(ProcessCandle).Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, candles);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private bool Pending => _pendingOrder is not null &&
_pendingOrder.State is not (OrderStates.Done or OrderStates.Failed);
private void ProcessQuote(Level1ChangeMessage message)
{
if (Pending)
return;
if (Position > 0m && _targetHigh is decimal high &&
message.TryGetDecimal(Level1Fields.BestBidPrice) is decimal bid &&
bid > high)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0m && _targetLow is decimal low &&
message.TryGetDecimal(Level1Fields.BestAskPrice) is decimal ask &&
ask > 0m && ask < low)
BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!Pending && Position > 0m && _targetHigh is decimal high && candle.HighPrice > high)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (!Pending && Position < 0m && _targetLow is decimal low && candle.LowPrice < low)
BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
else if (!Pending && Position == 0m && _older is not null && _previous is not null &&
IsDoji(candle) && IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
{
if (_previous.ClosePrice < _older.ClosePrice)
{
_targetHigh = candle.HighPrice;
_targetLow = null;
BuyMarket(Volume);
}
else if (_previous.ClosePrice > _older.ClosePrice)
{
_targetLow = candle.LowPrice;
_targetHigh = null;
SellMarket(Volume);
}
}
_older = _previous;
_previous = candle;
}
private bool IsDoji(ICandleMessage candle)
{
var range = candle.HighPrice - candle.LowPrice;
return range > 0m && Math.Abs(candle.ClosePrice - candle.OpenPrice) / range < DojiThreshold;
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, OrderStates, Level1Fields, Sides
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class doji_reversal_strategy(Strategy):
"""Reverse the prior two-close move on a doji; exit at its far extreme or percent protection."""
def __init__(self):
super(doji_reversal_strategy, self).__init__()
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Doji and prior-close timeframe", "General")
self._doji_threshold = self.Param("DojiThreshold", 0.1).SetRange(0.0, 1.0).SetDisplay("Doji Threshold", "Strict upper bound for absolute body divided by high-low range", "Pattern")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 1.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it", "Protection")
self._clear_state()
self.OrderRegistering += self._track_pending
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def GetWorkingSecurities(self):
return [(self.Security, self.candle_type), (self.Security, DataType.Level1)]
def _track_pending(self, order):
self._pending_order = order
if ((self.Position > 0 and order.Side == Sides.Sell) or
(self.Position < 0 and order.Side == Sides.Buy)):
self._target_high = None
self._target_low = None
def _clear_state(self):
self._older = None
self._previous = None
self._target_high = None
self._target_low = None
self._pending_order = None
def OnReseted(self):
super(doji_reversal_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._clear_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(doji_reversal_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._clear_state()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._process_quote).Start()
candles = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
candles.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, candles)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _pending(self):
return self._pending_order is not None and self._pending_order.State not in (OrderStates.Done, OrderStates.Failed)
def _process_quote(self, message):
if self._pending():
return
if self.Position > 0 and self._target_high is not None and message.Changes.ContainsKey(Level1Fields.BestBidPrice):
bid = message.Changes[Level1Fields.BestBidPrice]
if bid > self._target_high:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and self._target_low is not None and message.Changes.ContainsKey(Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
ask = message.Changes[Level1Fields.BestAskPrice]
if ask > 0 and ask < self._target_low:
self.BuyMarket(Math.Abs(self.Position))
def _is_doji(self, candle):
candle_range = candle.HighPrice - candle.LowPrice
return (candle_range > 0 and
Math.Abs(candle.ClosePrice - candle.OpenPrice) / candle_range < Decimal(self._doji_threshold.Value))
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not self._pending() and self.Position > 0 and self._target_high is not None and candle.HighPrice > self._target_high:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif not self._pending() and self.Position < 0 and self._target_low is not None and candle.LowPrice < self._target_low:
self.BuyMarket(Math.Abs(self.Position))
elif (not self._pending() and self.Position == 0 and self._older is not None and
self._previous is not None and self._is_doji(candle) and self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading()):
if self._previous.ClosePrice < self._older.ClosePrice:
self._target_high = candle.HighPrice
self._target_low = None
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume)
elif self._previous.ClosePrice > self._older.ClosePrice:
self._target_low = candle.LowPrice
self._target_high = None
self.SellMarket(self.Volume)
self._older = self._previous
self._previous = candle
def CreateClone(self):
return doji_reversal_strategy()