Doji-Umkehrstrategie
Doji-Kerzen spiegeln ein vorübergehendes Gleichgewicht zwischen Käufern und Verkäufern wider. Wenn ein Doji nach einer starken Richtungsbewegung erscheint, kann dies eine Umkehr einleiten, da das Momentum nachlässt. Diese Strategie misst den Kerzenkörper im Verhältnis zur Handelsspanne, um festzustellen, ob ein echter Doji gebildet wurde.
Tests zeigen eine durchschnittliche Jahresrendite von etwa 103%. Die Strategie eignet sich am besten für den Aktienmarkt.
Sobald ein Doji erkannt wird, werden die vorherigen Kerzen auf einen Auf- oder Abwärtstrend geprüft. Ein Doji nach einem Rückgang kann einen Long-Einstieg auslösen, während einer nach einem Anstieg eine Short-Position eröffnen kann. Stops werden in einem prozentualen Abstand vom Einstieg gesetzt, und Ausstiege erfolgen, wenn der Kurs die Extrempunkte des Doji durchbricht.
Die Methode zielt darauf ab, die erste Reaktion vom Doji weg zu erfassen, und eignet sich am besten für Intraday-Charts, wo schnelle Umkehrungen häufig auftreten.
Details
- Einstiegskriterien: Doji-Kerze nach einer Richtungsbewegung.
- Long/Short: Beide.
- Ausstiegskriterien: Kurs bewegt sich über das Doji-Hoch/-Tief hinaus oder Stop-Loss.
- Stops: Ja, prozentbasiert.
- Standardwerte:
CandleType= 5 minuteDojiThreshold= 0.1StopLossPercent= 1
- Filter:
- Kategorie: Muster
- Richtung: Beide
- Indikatoren: Candlestick
- Stops: Ja
- Komplexität: Mittel
- Zeitrahmen: Intraday
- Saisonalität: Nein
- Neuronale Netze: Nein
- Divergenz: Nein
- Risikolevel: Mittel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Enters against the preceding two-close move on a finished doji.
/// Exits at the opposite doji extreme or native actual-fill percent protection.
/// </summary>
public class DojiReversalStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _dojiThreshold;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private ICandleMessage _older;
private ICandleMessage _previous;
private decimal? _targetHigh;
private decimal? _targetLow;
private Order _pendingOrder;
public DataType CandleType { get => _candleType.Value; set => _candleType.Value = value; }
public decimal DojiThreshold { get => _dojiThreshold.Value; set => _dojiThreshold.Value = value; }
public decimal StopLossPercent { get => _stopLossPercent.Value; set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value; }
public DojiReversalStrategy()
{
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Doji and prior-close timeframe", "General");
_dojiThreshold = Param(nameof(DojiThreshold), 0.1m).SetRange(0m, 1m)
.SetDisplay("Doji Threshold", "Strict upper bound for absolute body divided by high-low range", "Pattern");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 1m).SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it", "Protection");
OrderRegistering += order =>
{
_pendingOrder = order;
if (Position > 0m && order.Side == Sides.Sell ||
Position < 0m && order.Side == Sides.Buy)
_targetHigh = _targetLow = null;
};
}
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
=> [(Security, CandleType), (Security, DataType.Level1)];
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
ClearState();
}
private void ClearState()
{
_older = _previous = null;
_targetHigh = _targetLow = null;
_pendingOrder = null;
}
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
ClearState();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ProcessQuote).Start();
}
var candles = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
candles.Bind(ProcessCandle).Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, candles);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private bool Pending => _pendingOrder is not null &&
_pendingOrder.State is not (OrderStates.Done or OrderStates.Failed);
private void ProcessQuote(Level1ChangeMessage message)
{
if (Pending)
return;
if (Position > 0m && _targetHigh is decimal high &&
message.TryGetDecimal(Level1Fields.BestBidPrice) is decimal bid &&
bid > high)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0m && _targetLow is decimal low &&
message.TryGetDecimal(Level1Fields.BestAskPrice) is decimal ask &&
ask > 0m && ask < low)
BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!Pending && Position > 0m && _targetHigh is decimal high && candle.HighPrice > high)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (!Pending && Position < 0m && _targetLow is decimal low && candle.LowPrice < low)
BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
else if (!Pending && Position == 0m && _older is not null && _previous is not null &&
IsDoji(candle) && IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
{
if (_previous.ClosePrice < _older.ClosePrice)
{
_targetHigh = candle.HighPrice;
_targetLow = null;
BuyMarket(Volume);
}
else if (_previous.ClosePrice > _older.ClosePrice)
{
_targetLow = candle.LowPrice;
_targetHigh = null;
SellMarket(Volume);
}
}
_older = _previous;
_previous = candle;
}
private bool IsDoji(ICandleMessage candle)
{
var range = candle.HighPrice - candle.LowPrice;
return range > 0m && Math.Abs(candle.ClosePrice - candle.OpenPrice) / range < DojiThreshold;
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, OrderStates, Level1Fields, Sides
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class doji_reversal_strategy(Strategy):
"""Reverse the prior two-close move on a doji; exit at its far extreme or percent protection."""
def __init__(self):
super(doji_reversal_strategy, self).__init__()
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Doji and prior-close timeframe", "General")
self._doji_threshold = self.Param("DojiThreshold", 0.1).SetRange(0.0, 1.0).SetDisplay("Doji Threshold", "Strict upper bound for absolute body divided by high-low range", "Pattern")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 1.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it", "Protection")
self._clear_state()
self.OrderRegistering += self._track_pending
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def GetWorkingSecurities(self):
return [(self.Security, self.candle_type), (self.Security, DataType.Level1)]
def _track_pending(self, order):
self._pending_order = order
if ((self.Position > 0 and order.Side == Sides.Sell) or
(self.Position < 0 and order.Side == Sides.Buy)):
self._target_high = None
self._target_low = None
def _clear_state(self):
self._older = None
self._previous = None
self._target_high = None
self._target_low = None
self._pending_order = None
def OnReseted(self):
super(doji_reversal_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._clear_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(doji_reversal_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._clear_state()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._process_quote).Start()
candles = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
candles.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, candles)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _pending(self):
return self._pending_order is not None and self._pending_order.State not in (OrderStates.Done, OrderStates.Failed)
def _process_quote(self, message):
if self._pending():
return
if self.Position > 0 and self._target_high is not None and message.Changes.ContainsKey(Level1Fields.BestBidPrice):
bid = message.Changes[Level1Fields.BestBidPrice]
if bid > self._target_high:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and self._target_low is not None and message.Changes.ContainsKey(Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
ask = message.Changes[Level1Fields.BestAskPrice]
if ask > 0 and ask < self._target_low:
self.BuyMarket(Math.Abs(self.Position))
def _is_doji(self, candle):
candle_range = candle.HighPrice - candle.LowPrice
return (candle_range > 0 and
Math.Abs(candle.ClosePrice - candle.OpenPrice) / candle_range < Decimal(self._doji_threshold.Value))
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not self._pending() and self.Position > 0 and self._target_high is not None and candle.HighPrice > self._target_high:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif not self._pending() and self.Position < 0 and self._target_low is not None and candle.LowPrice < self._target_low:
self.BuyMarket(Math.Abs(self.Position))
elif (not self._pending() and self.Position == 0 and self._older is not None and
self._previous is not None and self._is_doji(candle) and self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading()):
if self._previous.ClosePrice < self._older.ClosePrice:
self._target_high = candle.HighPrice
self._target_low = None
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume)
elif self._previous.ClosePrice > self._older.ClosePrice:
self._target_low = candle.LowPrice
self._target_high = None
self.SellMarket(self.Volume)
self._older = self._previous
self._previous = candle
def CreateClone(self):
return doji_reversal_strategy()