Estratégia VWAP Breakout
VWAP Breakout busca que o preço cruze o Preço Médio Ponderado por Volume pelo lado oposto. Um rompimento acima do VWAP sinaliza pressão altista, enquanto uma queda abaixo do VWAP sinaliza sentimento baixista.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 181%. Funciona melhor no mercado de criptomoedas.
A estratégia aguarda um fechamento do outro lado do VWAP e então opera nessa direção. As saídas ocorrem quando o preço reverte e cruza novamente o VWAP.
Como o VWAP representa o preço médio de transação, os rompimentos frequentemente geram movimentos de momentum.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada: O preço fecha do lado oposto do VWAP.
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambas as direções.
- Critérios de saída: O preço cruza de volta pelo VWAP ou stop.
- Stops: Sim.
- Valores padrão:
CandleType= TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Rompimento
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: VWAP
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Básico
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Trades actual same-UTC-session Close crossings of cumulative candle VWAP.
/// The opposite crossing reverses the position; actual-fill percent protection flattens it.
/// </summary>
public class VWAPBreakoutStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private VolumeWeightedAveragePrice _vwap;
private DateTime? _sessionDate;
private decimal? _previousClose;
private decimal _previousVwap;
private Order _pendingOrder;
public DataType CandleType { get => _candleType.Value; set => _candleType.Value = value; }
public decimal StopLossPercent { get => _stopLossPercent.Value; set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value; }
public VWAPBreakoutStrategy()
{
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m).SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it.", "Protection");
OrderRegistering += order => _pendingOrder = order;
}
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
=> [(Security, CandleType), (Security, DataType.Level1)];
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
ClearSignalState();
_vwap = null;
}
private void ClearSignalState()
{
_sessionDate = null;
_previousClose = null;
_previousVwap = 0m;
_pendingOrder = null;
}
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
ClearSignalState();
_vwap = new VolumeWeightedAveragePrice();
Indicators.Add(_vwap);
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription.Bind(ProcessCandle).Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, _vwap);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// Native protection runs before this callback, including between finished candles.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var date = candle.OpenTime.ToUniversalTime().Date;
if (_sessionDate != date)
{
_sessionDate = date;
// Reset BEFORE this day's first final bar; a reset jump is not a price crossing.
_vwap.Reset();
_previousClose = null;
}
var value = _vwap.Process(candle);
if (value.IsEmpty || !_vwap.IsFormed)
return;
var vwap = value.GetValue<decimal>();
var upwardCross = _previousClose is decimal up && up <= _previousVwap && candle.ClosePrice > vwap;
var downwardCross = _previousClose is decimal down && down >= _previousVwap && candle.ClosePrice < vwap;
// Seed the first valid session value and advance history even while orders are pending.
_previousClose = candle.ClosePrice;
_previousVwap = vwap;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading() ||
_pendingOrder is not null && _pendingOrder.State is not (OrderStates.Done or OrderStates.Failed))
return;
if (upwardCross && Position <= 0m) BuyMarket(this.ReversalVolume());
else if (downwardCross && Position >= 0m) SellMarket(this.ReversalVolume());
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, OrderStates, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import VolumeWeightedAveragePrice, CandleIndicatorValue
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy, StrategyHelper
class vwap_breakout_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Trades actual same-UTC-session Close crossings of cumulative candle VWAP.
The opposite crossing reverses the position; actual-fill percent protection flattens it.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(vwap_breakout_strategy, self).__init__()
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it.", "Protection")
self._vwap = None
self._session_date = None
self._previous_close = None
self._previous_vwap = Decimal.Zero
self._pending_order = None
self.OrderRegistering += self._track_pending
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def GetWorkingSecurities(self):
return [(self.Security, self.candle_type), (self.Security, DataType.Level1)]
def _track_pending(self, order):
self._pending_order = order
def _clear_signal_state(self):
self._session_date = None
self._previous_close = None
self._previous_vwap = Decimal.Zero
self._pending_order = None
def OnReseted(self):
super(vwap_breakout_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._clear_signal_state()
self._vwap = None
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(vwap_breakout_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._clear_signal_state()
self._vwap = VolumeWeightedAveragePrice()
self.Indicators.Add(self._vwap)
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, self._vwap)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# Native protection runs before this callback, including between finished candles.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
date = candle.OpenTime.ToUniversalTime().Date
if self._session_date != date:
self._session_date = date
# Reset BEFORE this day's first final bar; a reset jump is not a price crossing.
self._vwap.Reset()
self._previous_close = None
value = self._vwap.Process(CandleIndicatorValue(self._vwap, candle))
if value.IsEmpty or not self._vwap.IsFormed:
return
vwap = value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
upward_cross = self._previous_close is not None and self._previous_close <= self._previous_vwap and candle.ClosePrice > vwap
downward_cross = self._previous_close is not None and self._previous_close >= self._previous_vwap and candle.ClosePrice < vwap
# Seed the first valid session value and advance history during pending orders.
self._previous_close = candle.ClosePrice
self._previous_vwap = vwap
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading() or (self._pending_order is not None and self._pending_order.State not in (OrderStates.Done, OrderStates.Failed)):
return
if upward_cross and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(StrategyHelper.ReversalVolume(self))
elif downward_cross and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(StrategyHelper.ReversalVolume(self))
def CreateClone(self):
return vwap_breakout_strategy()