Esta abordagem opera em torno das flutuações da volatilidade do mercado. Quando o ATR desvia significativamente de sua média móvel, sugere que a volatilidade tornou-se incomumente alta ou baixa e pode reverter.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de cerca de 73%. Funciona melhor no mercado de criptomoedas.
A estratégia vai comprado quando o ATR cai abaixo da média menos DeviationMultiplier vezes o desvio padrão e o preço está abaixo da média móvel. Vai vendido quando o ATR supera a banda superior e o preço está acima da média. As posições são encerradas assim que o ATR retorna em direção ao seu nível médio.
Esses setups funcionam para traders que preferem operar contra extremos de volatilidade em vez da direção do preço. Um stop-loss protetor é usado caso a volatilidade continue se expandindo.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada:
- Comprado: ATR < Avg - DeviationMultiplier * StdDev && Close < MA
- Vendido: ATR > Avg + DeviationMultiplier * StdDev && Close > MA
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos os lados.
- Critérios de saída:
- Comprado: Sair quando ATR > Avg
- Vendido: Sair quando ATR < Avg
- Stops: Sim, stop-loss percentual.
- Valores padrão:
AtrPeriod = 14
AveragePeriod = 20
DeviationMultiplier = 2
StopLossPercent = 2
CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
Avg e StdDev são a média e o desvio padrão dos últimos AveragePeriod valores de ATR, incluindo o atual, e MA é a média móvel simples dos últimos AveragePeriod fechamentos. O stop é um StopLossPercent fixo do preço de entrada, vigiado também entre os candles; 0 o desativa. Um sinal de entrada contra uma posição aberta a inverte.
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Reversão à média
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: ATR
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Intermediário
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Volatility Mean Reversion strategy.
/// The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod ATR values, the current one included.
/// ATR below the lower band with the close below the AveragePeriod simple moving average goes long and ATR above the upper band with the close above it goes short,
/// reversing an opposite position. A long closes once ATR is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class VolatilityMeanReversionStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _atrPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _averagePeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _deviationMultiplier;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly Queue<decimal> _values = [];
/// <summary>
/// Period of ATR.
/// </summary>
public int AtrPeriod
{
get => _atrPeriod.Value;
set => _atrPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Values of ATR the average and the standard deviation span.
/// </summary>
public int AveragePeriod
{
get => _averagePeriod.Value;
set => _averagePeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Standard deviations between the average and a band.
/// </summary>
public decimal DeviationMultiplier
{
get => _deviationMultiplier.Value;
set => _deviationMultiplier.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public VolatilityMeanReversionStrategy()
{
_atrPeriod = Param(nameof(AtrPeriod), 14)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("ATR Period", "Period of ATR", "Indicators");
_averagePeriod = Param(nameof(AveragePeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of ATR the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators");
_deviationMultiplier = Param(nameof(DeviationMultiplier), 2m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_values.Clear();
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_values.Clear();
var atr = new AverageTrueRange { Length = AtrPeriod };
var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = AveragePeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(atr, sma, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, sma);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
if (oscillators != null)
{
DrawIndicator(oscillators, atr);
}
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue atrValue, IIndicatorValue smaValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!smaValue.IsFormed)
return;
if (!atrValue.IsFormed)
return;
var value = atrValue.GetValue<decimal>();
_values.Enqueue(value);
if (_values.Count > AveragePeriod)
_values.Dequeue();
if (_values.Count < AveragePeriod)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var mean = _values.Average();
var deviation = (decimal)Math.Sqrt((double)_values.Average(v => (v - mean) * (v - mean)));
var upper = mean + DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
var lower = mean - DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
var close = candle.ClosePrice;
var ma = smaValue.GetValue<decimal>();
if (value < lower && close < ma && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (value > upper && close > ma && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && value > mean)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && value < mean)
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import AverageTrueRange, SimpleMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class volatility_mean_reversion_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Volatility Mean Reversion strategy.
The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod ATR values, the current one included.
ATR below the lower band with the close below the AveragePeriod simple moving average goes long and ATR above the upper band with the close above it goes short,
reversing an opposite position. A long closes once ATR is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(volatility_mean_reversion_strategy, self).__init__()
self._atr_period = self.Param("AtrPeriod", 14).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("ATR Period", "Period of ATR", "Indicators")
self._average_period = self.Param("AveragePeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of ATR the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators")
self._deviation_multiplier = self.Param("DeviationMultiplier", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._values = []
def OnReseted(self):
super(volatility_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(volatility_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
atr = AverageTrueRange()
atr.Length = self._atr_period.Value
sma = SimpleMovingAverage()
sma.Length = self._average_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(atr, sma, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, sma)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
oscillators = self.CreateChartArea()
if oscillators is not None:
self.DrawIndicator(oscillators, atr)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, atr_value, sma_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not sma_value.IsFormed:
return
if not atr_value.IsFormed:
return
value = atr_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
period = self._average_period.Value
self._values.append(value)
if len(self._values) > period:
self._values.pop(0)
if len(self._values) < period:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
total = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
total += item
mean = total / Decimal(period)
squares = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
squares += (item - mean) * (item - mean)
deviation = Decimal(Math.Sqrt(Decimal.ToDouble(squares / Decimal(period))))
multiplier = Decimal(self._deviation_multiplier.Value)
upper = mean + multiplier * deviation
lower = mean - multiplier * deviation
close = candle.ClosePrice
ma = sma_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
if value < lower and close < ma and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif value > upper and close > ma and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and value > mean:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and value < mean:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def CreateClone(self):
return volatility_mean_reversion_strategy()