Volatilität Mean-Reversion-Strategie
Dieser Ansatz handelt rund um Schwankungen in der Marktvolatilität. Wenn der ATR deutlich von seinem gleitenden Durchschnitt abweicht, deutet dies darauf hin, dass die Volatilität ungewöhnlich hoch oder niedrig geworden ist und sich möglicherweise umkehrt.
Tests zeigen eine durchschnittliche jährliche Rendite von etwa 73%. Die Strategie funktioniert am besten im Kryptomarkt.
Die Strategie geht long, wenn der ATR unter den Durchschnitt minus DeviationMultiplier mal die Standardabweichung fällt und der Preis unter dem gleitenden Durchschnitt liegt. Sie geht short, wenn der ATR das obere Band überschreitet und der Preis über dem Durchschnitt liegt. Positionen werden geschlossen, sobald der ATR in Richtung seines mittleren Niveaus zurückkehrt.
Solche Setups eignen sich für Trader, die lieber Volatilitätsextreme handeln als Preisrichtungen. Ein Schutz-Stop-Loss wird verwendet, falls die Volatilität weiter zunimmt.
Details
- Einstiegskriterien:
- Long: ATR < Avg - DeviationMultiplier * StdDev && Close < MA
- Short: ATR > Avg + DeviationMultiplier * StdDev && Close > MA
- Long/Short: Beide Seiten.
- Ausstiegskriterien:
- Long: Ausstieg wenn ATR > Avg
- Short: Ausstieg wenn ATR < Avg
- Stops: Ja, prozentualer Stop-Loss.
- Standardwerte:
AtrPeriod = 14
AveragePeriod = 20
DeviationMultiplier = 2
StopLossPercent = 2
CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
Avg und StdDev sind Mittelwert und Standardabweichung der letzten AveragePeriod Werte von ATR einschließlich des aktuellen, MA ist der einfache gleitende Durchschnitt der letzten AveragePeriod Schlusskurse. Der Stop liegt bei festen StopLossPercent vom Einstiegspreis und wird auch zwischen den Kerzen überwacht; 0 schaltet ihn ab. Ein Einstiegssignal gegen eine offene Position dreht sie.
- Filter:
- Kategorie: Mean Reversion
- Richtung: Beide
- Indikatoren: ATR
- Stops: Ja
- Komplexität: Mittel
- Zeitrahmen: Intraday
- Saisonalität: Nein
- Neuronale Netze: Nein
- Divergenz: Nein
- Risikolevel: Mittel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Volatility Mean Reversion strategy.
/// The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod ATR values, the current one included.
/// ATR below the lower band with the close below the AveragePeriod simple moving average goes long and ATR above the upper band with the close above it goes short,
/// reversing an opposite position. A long closes once ATR is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class VolatilityMeanReversionStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _atrPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _averagePeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _deviationMultiplier;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly Queue<decimal> _values = [];
/// <summary>
/// Period of ATR.
/// </summary>
public int AtrPeriod
{
get => _atrPeriod.Value;
set => _atrPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Values of ATR the average and the standard deviation span.
/// </summary>
public int AveragePeriod
{
get => _averagePeriod.Value;
set => _averagePeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Standard deviations between the average and a band.
/// </summary>
public decimal DeviationMultiplier
{
get => _deviationMultiplier.Value;
set => _deviationMultiplier.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public VolatilityMeanReversionStrategy()
{
_atrPeriod = Param(nameof(AtrPeriod), 14)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("ATR Period", "Period of ATR", "Indicators");
_averagePeriod = Param(nameof(AveragePeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of ATR the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators");
_deviationMultiplier = Param(nameof(DeviationMultiplier), 2m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_values.Clear();
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_values.Clear();
var atr = new AverageTrueRange { Length = AtrPeriod };
var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = AveragePeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(atr, sma, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, sma);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
if (oscillators != null)
{
DrawIndicator(oscillators, atr);
}
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue atrValue, IIndicatorValue smaValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!smaValue.IsFormed)
return;
if (!atrValue.IsFormed)
return;
var value = atrValue.GetValue<decimal>();
_values.Enqueue(value);
if (_values.Count > AveragePeriod)
_values.Dequeue();
if (_values.Count < AveragePeriod)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var mean = _values.Average();
var deviation = (decimal)Math.Sqrt((double)_values.Average(v => (v - mean) * (v - mean)));
var upper = mean + DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
var lower = mean - DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
var close = candle.ClosePrice;
var ma = smaValue.GetValue<decimal>();
if (value < lower && close < ma && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (value > upper && close > ma && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && value > mean)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && value < mean)
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import AverageTrueRange, SimpleMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class volatility_mean_reversion_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Volatility Mean Reversion strategy.
The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod ATR values, the current one included.
ATR below the lower band with the close below the AveragePeriod simple moving average goes long and ATR above the upper band with the close above it goes short,
reversing an opposite position. A long closes once ATR is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(volatility_mean_reversion_strategy, self).__init__()
self._atr_period = self.Param("AtrPeriod", 14).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("ATR Period", "Period of ATR", "Indicators")
self._average_period = self.Param("AveragePeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of ATR the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators")
self._deviation_multiplier = self.Param("DeviationMultiplier", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._values = []
def OnReseted(self):
super(volatility_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(volatility_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
atr = AverageTrueRange()
atr.Length = self._atr_period.Value
sma = SimpleMovingAverage()
sma.Length = self._average_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(atr, sma, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, sma)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
oscillators = self.CreateChartArea()
if oscillators is not None:
self.DrawIndicator(oscillators, atr)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, atr_value, sma_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not sma_value.IsFormed:
return
if not atr_value.IsFormed:
return
value = atr_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
period = self._average_period.Value
self._values.append(value)
if len(self._values) > period:
self._values.pop(0)
if len(self._values) < period:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
total = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
total += item
mean = total / Decimal(period)
squares = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
squares += (item - mean) * (item - mean)
deviation = Decimal(Math.Sqrt(Decimal.ToDouble(squares / Decimal(period))))
multiplier = Decimal(self._deviation_multiplier.Value)
upper = mean + multiplier * deviation
lower = mean - multiplier * deviation
close = candle.ClosePrice
ma = sma_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
if value < lower and close < ma and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif value > upper and close > ma and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and value > mean:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and value < mean:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def CreateClone(self):
return volatility_mean_reversion_strategy()