Aqui o Average Directional Index (ADX) mede a força geral da tendência. Quando o ADX está baixo, o mercado carece de direção e os preços tendem a oscilar em torno de um valor médio. Esta estratégia explora esse comportamento negociando os desvios do ADX de sua média móvel.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 70%. Funciona melhor no mercado de ações.
Uma operação comprada é iniciada quando o ADX cai abaixo da média menos DeviationMultiplier vezes o desvio padrão e o preço está abaixo da média móvel. Uma operação vendida é aberta quando o ADX dispara acima da banda superior e o preço está acima da média. As posições são fechadas quando o ADX reverte em direção à sua média.
Este sistema atrai traders que buscam oportunidades em ambientes de baixa tendência. O stop-loss evita que pequenas operações de reversão à média se tornem grandes perdas se uma nova tendência surgir.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada:
- Comprado: ADX < Avg - DeviationMultiplier * StdDev && Close < MA
- Vendido: ADX > Avg + DeviationMultiplier * StdDev && Close > MA
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos os lados.
- Critérios de saída:
- Comprado: Sair quando ADX > Avg
- Vendido: Sair quando ADX < Avg
- Stops: Sim, stop-loss percentual.
- Valores padrão:
AdxPeriod = 14
AveragePeriod = 20
DeviationMultiplier = 2
StopLossPercent = 2
CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
Avg e StdDev são a média e o desvio padrão dos últimos AveragePeriod valores de ADX, incluindo o atual, e MA é a média móvel simples dos últimos AveragePeriod fechamentos. O stop é um StopLossPercent fixo do preço de entrada, vigiado também entre os candles; 0 o desativa. Um sinal de entrada contra uma posição aberta a inverte.
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Mean reversion
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: ADX
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Intermediário
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// ADX Mean Reversion strategy.
/// The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod ADX values, the current one included.
/// ADX below the lower band with the close below the AveragePeriod simple moving average goes long and ADX above the upper band with the close above it goes short,
/// reversing an opposite position. A long closes once ADX is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class AdxMeanReversionStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _adxPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _averagePeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _deviationMultiplier;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly Queue<decimal> _values = [];
/// <summary>
/// Period of ADX.
/// </summary>
public int AdxPeriod
{
get => _adxPeriod.Value;
set => _adxPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Values of ADX the average and the standard deviation span.
/// </summary>
public int AveragePeriod
{
get => _averagePeriod.Value;
set => _averagePeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Standard deviations between the average and a band.
/// </summary>
public decimal DeviationMultiplier
{
get => _deviationMultiplier.Value;
set => _deviationMultiplier.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public AdxMeanReversionStrategy()
{
_adxPeriod = Param(nameof(AdxPeriod), 14)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("ADX Period", "Period of ADX", "Indicators");
_averagePeriod = Param(nameof(AveragePeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of ADX the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators");
_deviationMultiplier = Param(nameof(DeviationMultiplier), 2m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_values.Clear();
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_values.Clear();
var adx = new AverageDirectionalIndex { Length = AdxPeriod };
var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = AveragePeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(adx, sma, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, sma);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
if (oscillators != null)
{
DrawIndicator(oscillators, adx);
}
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue adxValue, IIndicatorValue smaValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!smaValue.IsFormed)
return;
if (!adxValue.IsFormed || adxValue is not AverageDirectionalIndexValue { MovingAverage: decimal value })
return;
_values.Enqueue(value);
if (_values.Count > AveragePeriod)
_values.Dequeue();
if (_values.Count < AveragePeriod)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var mean = _values.Average();
var deviation = (decimal)Math.Sqrt((double)_values.Average(v => (v - mean) * (v - mean)));
var upper = mean + DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
var lower = mean - DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
var close = candle.ClosePrice;
var ma = smaValue.GetValue<decimal>();
if (value < lower && close < ma && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (value > upper && close > ma && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && value > mean)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && value < mean)
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import AverageDirectionalIndex, SimpleMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class adx_mean_reversion_strategy(Strategy):
"""
ADX Mean Reversion strategy.
The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod ADX values, the current one included.
ADX below the lower band with the close below the AveragePeriod simple moving average goes long and ADX above the upper band with the close above it goes short,
reversing an opposite position. A long closes once ADX is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(adx_mean_reversion_strategy, self).__init__()
self._adx_period = self.Param("AdxPeriod", 14).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("ADX Period", "Period of ADX", "Indicators")
self._average_period = self.Param("AveragePeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of ADX the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators")
self._deviation_multiplier = self.Param("DeviationMultiplier", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._values = []
def OnReseted(self):
super(adx_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(adx_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
adx = AverageDirectionalIndex()
adx.Length = self._adx_period.Value
sma = SimpleMovingAverage()
sma.Length = self._average_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(adx, sma, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, sma)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
oscillators = self.CreateChartArea()
if oscillators is not None:
self.DrawIndicator(oscillators, adx)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, adx_value, sma_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not sma_value.IsFormed:
return
if not adx_value.IsFormed or adx_value.MovingAverage is None:
return
value = adx_value.MovingAverage
period = self._average_period.Value
self._values.append(value)
if len(self._values) > period:
self._values.pop(0)
if len(self._values) < period:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
total = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
total += item
mean = total / Decimal(period)
squares = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
squares += (item - mean) * (item - mean)
deviation = Decimal(Math.Sqrt(Decimal.ToDouble(squares / Decimal(period))))
multiplier = Decimal(self._deviation_multiplier.Value)
upper = mean + multiplier * deviation
lower = mean - multiplier * deviation
close = candle.ClosePrice
ma = sma_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
if value < lower and close < ma and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif value > upper and close > ma and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and value > mean:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and value < mean:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def CreateClone(self):
return adx_mean_reversion_strategy()