Estratégia de Vencimento Trimestral
As semanas de Vencimento Trimestral veem contratos de futuros e opções sendo rolados, criando frequentemente volatilidade enquanto posições são fechadas ou roladas. As oscilações de preços podem se acelerar quando as proteções são ajustadas e a liquidez temporariamente diminui.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 115%. Funciona melhor no mercado de ações.
A estratégia opera na direção da tendência predominante no início da semana, saindo antes do dia de liquidação para evitar o caos.
Um stop fixo mantém o risco sob controle se a volatilidade se mostrar excessiva.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada: ativadores de efeito de calendário
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos
- Critérios de saída: stop-loss ou sinal oposto
- Stops: Sim, baseado em percentual
- Valores padrão:
CandleType= 15 minuteMaPeriod= 20StopLossPercent= 2 Os dias são dias UTC, pois o mercado negocia 24 horas; as entradas ocorrem no fechamento da primeira vela do dia. O vencimento trimestral é a terceira sexta-feira de março, junho, setembro e dezembro. Na segunda-feira dessa semana a estratégia opera a favor da tendência (compra acima da SMA de MaPeriod, vende abaixo) e fecha na última vela de quinta-feira, antes da liquidação.
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Sazonalidade
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: Sazonalidade
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Intermediário
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Sim
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Quarterly Expiry strategy.
/// Days are UTC days of a market that trades around the clock.
/// Quarterly expiry is the third Friday of March, June, September and December. At the close of the first candle on the Monday of that
/// week it trades in the direction of the trend (long above the MaPeriod SMA, short below) and closes at Thursday's last candle,
/// before settlement; a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class QuarterlyExpiryStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _maPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private DateTime? _day;
private DateTime _exitDay;
/// <summary>
/// SMA that defines the trend.
/// </summary>
public int MaPeriod
{
get => _maPeriod.Value;
set => _maPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop-loss percentage.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public QuarterlyExpiryStrategy()
{
_maPeriod = Param(nameof(MaPeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("MA Period", "SMA that defines the trend", "Calendar");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_day = null;
_exitDay = default;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_day = null;
_exitDay = default;
var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = MaPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(sma, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, sma);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue smaValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var day = candle.OpenTime.Date;
var firstOfDay = _day != day;
if (firstOfDay)
{
_day = day;
}
// The candle is the day's last when the next one would open on another day.
var frame = CandleType.Arg is TimeSpan tf ? tf : TimeSpan.Zero;
var lastOfDay = (candle.OpenTime + frame).Date != day;
decimal? ma = smaValue.IsFormed ? smaValue.GetValue<decimal>() : null;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
if (Position != 0)
{
if (lastOfDay && day == _exitDay)
{
if (Position > 0)
SellMarket(Position);
else
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
return;
}
if (!(firstOfDay && ma is decimal trend && candle.ClosePrice != trend && day.Month % 3 == 0 && day == ThirdFriday(day).AddDays(-4)))
return;
if ((candle.ClosePrice > ma ? 1 : -1) > 0)
BuyMarket(Volume);
else
SellMarket(Volume);
_exitDay = ThirdFriday(day).AddDays(-1);
}
private static DateTime ThirdFriday(DateTime day)
{
var first = new DateTime(day.Year, day.Month, 1, 0, 0, 0, day.Kind);
return first.AddDays(((int)DayOfWeek.Friday - (int)first.DayOfWeek + 7) % 7 + 14);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, DateTime, DayOfWeek, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import SimpleMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class quarterly_expiry_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Quarterly Expiry strategy.
Days are UTC days of a market that trades around the clock.
Quarterly expiry is the third Friday of March, June, September and December. At the close of the first candle on the Monday of that
week it trades in the direction of the trend (long above the MaPeriod SMA, short below) and closes at Thursday's last candle,
before settlement; a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(quarterly_expiry_strategy, self).__init__()
self._ma_period = self.Param("MaPeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("MA Period", "SMA that defines the trend", "Calendar")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._day = None
self._exit_day = None
def OnReseted(self):
super(quarterly_expiry_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(quarterly_expiry_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
sma = SimpleMovingAverage()
sma.Length = self._ma_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(sma, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, sma)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, sma_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
day = candle.OpenTime.Date
first_of_day = self._day is None or self._day != day
if first_of_day:
self._day = day
# The candle is the day's last when the next one would open on another day.
frame = self.candle_type.Arg
last_of_day = (candle.OpenTime + frame).Date != day
ma = sma_value.GetValue[Decimal](None) if sma_value.IsFormed else None
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
if self.Position != 0:
if last_of_day and day == self._exit_day:
if self.Position > 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
else:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
return
if not (first_of_day and ma is not None and candle.ClosePrice != ma and day.Month % 3 == 0 and day == self._third_friday(day).AddDays(-4)):
return
if (1 if candle.ClosePrice > ma else -1) > 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume)
else:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume)
self._exit_day = self._third_friday(day).AddDays(-1)
@staticmethod
def _third_friday(day):
first = DateTime(day.Year, day.Month, 1, 0, 0, 0, day.Kind)
return first.AddDays(((int(DayOfWeek.Friday) - int(first.DayOfWeek) + 7) % 7) + 14)
def CreateClone(self):
return quarterly_expiry_strategy()