Estratégia de Reversão por Autocorrelação
Esta estratégia analisa a autocorrelação de preços de curto prazo para avaliar se os movimentos recentes têm probabilidade de reverter. A autocorrelação negativa sugere que as mudanças de preço sucessivas tendem a alternar de direção, criando condições de reversão à média.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 124%. Funciona melhor no mercado de câmbio.
Quando a autocorrelação calculada cai abaixo do limiar e o preço está abaixo de uma média móvel, o sistema compra antecipando uma recuperação. Se a autocorrelação for negativa e o preço estiver acima da média, uma posição vendida é aberta. As saídas ocorrem quando o preço cruza a média ou a autocorrelação sobe acima do limiar.
A abordagem é adequada para traders que buscam vantagens estatísticas em vez de padrões gráficos. Um stop-loss percentual é aplicado para proteger contra tendências sustentadas que violem a reversão esperada.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada:
- Comprado: Autocorrelation < Threshold && Close < MA
- Vendido: Autocorrelation < Threshold && Close > MA
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos os lados.
- Critérios de saída:
- Comprado: Sair quando Close > MA ou autocorrelation > Threshold
- Vendido: Sair quando Close < MA ou autocorrelation > Threshold
- Stops: Sim, stop-loss percentual.
- Valores padrão:
AutoCorrPeriod = 20
AutoCorrThreshold = -0.3
StopLossPercent = 2
A autocorrelação é a autocorrelação de defasagem um das variações entre fechamentos dos últimos AutoCorrPeriod fechamentos, e MA é a média móvel simples dos mesmos AutoCorrPeriod candles. O stop é um StopLossPercent fixo do preço de entrada, vigiado também entre os candles; 0 o desativa. Um sinal de entrada contra uma posição aberta a inverte.
CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Mean reversion
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: Autocorrelation, MA
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Intermediário
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Autocorrelation Reversal strategy.
/// The autocorrelation is the lag-one autocorrelation of the close-to-close changes over the last AutoCorrPeriod closes. Below
/// AutoCorrThreshold a close under the AutoCorrPeriod simple moving average goes long and a close above it goes short, reversing an opposite
/// position. A long closes once the close is above the average or the autocorrelation rises above the threshold, a short mirrors it,
/// and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class AutocorrelationReversionStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _autoCorrPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _autoCorrThreshold;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly Queue<decimal> _closes = [];
/// <summary>
/// Closes the autocorrelation and the average span.
/// </summary>
public int AutoCorrPeriod
{
get => _autoCorrPeriod.Value;
set => _autoCorrPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Autocorrelation below which the market reverts.
/// </summary>
public decimal AutoCorrThreshold
{
get => _autoCorrThreshold.Value;
set => _autoCorrThreshold.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public AutocorrelationReversionStrategy()
{
_autoCorrPeriod = Param(nameof(AutoCorrPeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Autocorrelation Period", "Closes the autocorrelation and the average span", "Indicators");
_autoCorrThreshold = Param(nameof(AutoCorrThreshold), -0.3m)
.SetDisplay("Autocorrelation Threshold", "Autocorrelation below which the market reverts", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_closes.Clear();
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_closes.Clear();
var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = AutoCorrPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(sma, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, sma);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue smaValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var close = candle.ClosePrice;
_closes.Enqueue(close);
if (_closes.Count > AutoCorrPeriod)
_closes.Dequeue();
if (_closes.Count < AutoCorrPeriod || !smaValue.IsFormed)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var autocorrelation = CalculateAutocorrelation();
var sma = smaValue.GetValue<decimal>();
var reverting = autocorrelation < AutoCorrThreshold;
if (reverting && close < sma && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (reverting && close > sma && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && (close > sma || autocorrelation > AutoCorrThreshold))
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && (close < sma || autocorrelation > AutoCorrThreshold))
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
private decimal CalculateAutocorrelation()
{
var closes = _closes.ToArray();
var changes = new decimal[closes.Length - 1];
for (var i = 1; i < closes.Length; i++)
changes[i - 1] = closes[i] - closes[i - 1];
var mean = changes.Average();
var numerator = 0m;
var denominator = 0m;
for (var i = 0; i < changes.Length; i++)
{
var deviation = changes[i] - mean;
denominator += deviation * deviation;
if (i > 0)
numerator += (changes[i - 1] - mean) * deviation;
}
return denominator == 0 ? 0 : numerator / denominator;
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import SimpleMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class autocorrelation_reversion_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Autocorrelation Reversal strategy.
The autocorrelation is the lag-one autocorrelation of the close-to-close changes over the last AutoCorrPeriod closes. Below
AutoCorrThreshold a close under the AutoCorrPeriod simple moving average goes long and a close above it goes short, reversing an opposite
position. A long closes once the close is above the average or the autocorrelation rises above the threshold, a short mirrors it,
and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(autocorrelation_reversion_strategy, self).__init__()
self._auto_corr_period = self.Param("AutoCorrPeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Autocorrelation Period", "Closes the autocorrelation and the average span", "Indicators")
self._auto_corr_threshold = self.Param("AutoCorrThreshold", -0.3).SetDisplay("Autocorrelation Threshold", "Autocorrelation below which the market reverts", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._closes = []
def OnReseted(self):
super(autocorrelation_reversion_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(autocorrelation_reversion_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
sma = SimpleMovingAverage()
sma.Length = self._auto_corr_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(sma, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, sma)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, sma_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
close = candle.ClosePrice
period = self._auto_corr_period.Value
self._closes.append(close)
if len(self._closes) > period:
self._closes.pop(0)
if len(self._closes) < period or not sma_value.IsFormed:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
autocorrelation = self._calculate_autocorrelation()
sma = sma_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
threshold = Decimal(self._auto_corr_threshold.Value)
reverting = autocorrelation < threshold
if reverting and close < sma and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif reverting and close > sma and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and (close > sma or autocorrelation > threshold):
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and (close < sma or autocorrelation > threshold):
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def _calculate_autocorrelation(self):
changes = [self._closes[i] - self._closes[i - 1] for i in range(1, len(self._closes))]
total = Decimal(0)
for change in changes:
total += change
mean = total / Decimal(len(changes))
numerator = Decimal(0)
denominator = Decimal(0)
for i in range(len(changes)):
deviation = changes[i] - mean
denominator += deviation * deviation
if i > 0:
numerator += (changes[i - 1] - mean) * deviation
if denominator == 0:
return Decimal(0)
return numerator / denominator
def CreateClone(self):
return autocorrelation_reversion_strategy()