Estratégia de Impressões de Dark Pool
As Impressões de Dark Pool rastreiam grandes transações fora de bolsa que frequentemente precedem movimentos acentuados assim que a atividade é revelada. Volume incomum na fita pode sinalizar posicionamento institucional que ainda não impactou o mercado regular.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 46%. Funciona melhor no mercado de ações.
A estratégia entra na mesma direção das grandes compras ou vendas do dark pool, esperando continuidade quando o restante do mercado reagir.
Um pequeno stop percentual mantém o risco contido e as posições são encerradas se o impulso esperado não se materializar.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada: sinal de indicador
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos
- Critérios de saída: stop-loss ou sinal oposto
- Stops: Sim, baseado em percentual
- Valores padrão:
CandleType= 15 minuteStopLoss= 2%
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Volume
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: Volume
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Intermediário
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Dark Pool Prints strategy.
/// Detects unusually high volume candles and trades in the direction of the candle
/// when confirmed by SMA trend direction.
/// Uses cooldown to control trade frequency.
/// </summary>
public class DarkPoolPrintsStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _maPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _volumeLookback;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _volumeMultiplier;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _cooldownBars;
private readonly List<decimal> _volumeHistory = new();
private int _cooldown;
/// <summary>
/// MA period.
/// </summary>
public int MaPeriod
{
get => _maPeriod.Value;
set => _maPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Volume lookback.
/// </summary>
public int VolumeLookback
{
get => _volumeLookback.Value;
set => _volumeLookback.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Volume multiplier threshold.
/// </summary>
public decimal VolumeMultiplier
{
get => _volumeMultiplier.Value;
set => _volumeMultiplier.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Cooldown bars.
/// </summary>
public int CooldownBars
{
get => _cooldownBars.Value;
set => _cooldownBars.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public DarkPoolPrintsStrategy()
{
_maPeriod = Param(nameof(MaPeriod), 20)
.SetRange(5, 50)
.SetDisplay("MA Period", "Period for trend SMA", "Indicators");
_volumeLookback = Param(nameof(VolumeLookback), 20)
.SetRange(5, 50)
.SetDisplay("Volume Lookback", "Bars for volume average", "Volume");
_volumeMultiplier = Param(nameof(VolumeMultiplier), 1.5m)
.SetRange(1.2m, 5m)
.SetDisplay("Volume Multiplier", "Threshold multiplier for high volume", "Volume");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
_cooldownBars = Param(nameof(CooldownBars), 500)
.SetRange(1, 1000)
.SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait between trades", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_volumeHistory.Clear();
_cooldown = default;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_volumeHistory.Clear();
_cooldown = 0;
var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = MaPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(sma, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, sma);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal smaValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
// Track volume history
_volumeHistory.Add(candle.TotalVolume);
if (_volumeHistory.Count > VolumeLookback)
_volumeHistory.RemoveAt(0);
if (_volumeHistory.Count < VolumeLookback)
return;
if (_cooldown > 0)
{
_cooldown--;
return;
}
// Calculate average volume
decimal avgVolume = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < _volumeHistory.Count - 1; i++)
avgVolume += _volumeHistory[i];
avgVolume /= (_volumeHistory.Count - 1);
var isHighVolume = candle.TotalVolume > avgVolume * VolumeMultiplier;
if (!isHighVolume)
return;
var isBullish = candle.ClosePrice > candle.OpenPrice;
var isBearish = candle.ClosePrice < candle.OpenPrice;
var isAboveSma = candle.ClosePrice > smaValue;
var isBelowSma = candle.ClosePrice < smaValue;
if (Position == 0 && isBullish && isAboveSma)
{
BuyMarket();
_cooldown = CooldownBars;
}
else if (Position == 0 && isBearish && isBelowSma)
{
SellMarket();
_cooldown = CooldownBars;
}
else if (Position > 0 && isBelowSma)
{
SellMarket();
_cooldown = CooldownBars;
}
else if (Position < 0 && isAboveSma)
{
BuyMarket();
_cooldown = CooldownBars;
}
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
from System import TimeSpan
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import SimpleMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class dark_pool_prints_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Dark Pool Prints strategy.
Detects unusually high volume candles and trades in the direction of the candle
when confirmed by SMA trend direction.
Uses cooldown to control trade frequency.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(dark_pool_prints_strategy, self).__init__()
self._ma_period = self.Param("MaPeriod", 20).SetDisplay("MA Period", "Period for trend SMA", "Indicators")
self._volume_lookback = self.Param("VolumeLookback", 20).SetDisplay("Volume Lookback", "Bars for volume average", "Volume")
self._volume_multiplier = self.Param("VolumeMultiplier", 1.5).SetDisplay("Volume Multiplier", "Threshold multiplier for high volume", "Volume")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._cooldown_bars = self.Param("CooldownBars", 500).SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait between trades", "General")
self._volume_history = []
self._cooldown = 0
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(dark_pool_prints_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._volume_history = []
self._cooldown = 0
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(dark_pool_prints_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._volume_history = []
self._cooldown = 0
sma = SimpleMovingAverage()
sma.Length = self._ma_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(sma, self._process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, sma)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _process_candle(self, candle, sma_val):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
lookback = self._volume_lookback.Value
# Track volume history
self._volume_history.append(float(candle.TotalVolume))
if len(self._volume_history) > lookback:
self._volume_history.pop(0)
if len(self._volume_history) < lookback:
return
if self._cooldown > 0:
self._cooldown -= 1
return
# Calculate average volume (excluding last entry)
avg_volume = sum(self._volume_history[:-1]) / (len(self._volume_history) - 1)
is_high_volume = float(candle.TotalVolume) > avg_volume * self._volume_multiplier.Value
if not is_high_volume:
return
sv = float(sma_val)
cd = self._cooldown_bars.Value
is_bullish = candle.ClosePrice > candle.OpenPrice
is_bearish = candle.ClosePrice < candle.OpenPrice
is_above_sma = float(candle.ClosePrice) > sv
is_below_sma = float(candle.ClosePrice) < sv
if self.Position == 0 and is_bullish and is_above_sma:
self.BuyMarket()
self._cooldown = cd
elif self.Position == 0 and is_bearish and is_below_sma:
self.SellMarket()
self._cooldown = cd
elif self.Position > 0 and is_below_sma:
self.SellMarket()
self._cooldown = cd
elif self.Position < 0 and is_above_sma:
self.BuyMarket()
self._cooldown = cd
def CreateClone(self):
return dark_pool_prints_strategy()