Estratégia de Reversão do Canal Donchian
Os Canais Donchian marcam as máximas e mínimas recentes durante um período escolhido. Preços que perfuram esses limites e depois se revertem podem sinalizar exaustão. Esta estratégia observa fechamentos de volta dentro do canal após uma ruptura breve.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 157%. Funciona melhor no mercado de criptomoedas.
Se o fechamento anterior estava abaixo da banda inferior e o fechamento atual sobe de volta acima dela, uma operação comprada é realizada. De forma oposta, se o fechamento anterior estava acima da banda superior e o preço cai de volta para dentro, uma posição vendida é aberta. Um stop percentual gerencia o risco em ambos os casos.
Operando apenas após uma ruptura frustrada, esta abordagem tenta capturar movimentos falsos que recuam rapidamente.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada: O preço fecha de volta dentro do Canal Donchian após romper a banda superior ou inferior.
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos.
- Critérios de saída: Stop-loss.
- Stops: Sim, baseado em percentual.
- Valores padrão:
Period = 20
StopLossPercent = 2
CandleType = 15 minute
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Reversão
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: Donchian Channel
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Básico
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Donchian Reversal strategy.
/// A breakout is a close beyond the channel of the Period candles before it. When the next close returns above the lower band
/// that was broken the position turns long, and when it returns below a broken upper band it turns short. A percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class DonchianReversalStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _period;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly List<(decimal High, decimal Low)> _candles = [];
// The previous close and the channel it was compared with.
private (decimal Close, decimal Upper, decimal Lower)? _previous;
/// <summary>
/// Donchian Channel period.
/// </summary>
public int Period
{
get => _period.Value;
set => _period.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop-loss percentage.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public DonchianReversalStrategy()
{
_period = Param(nameof(Period), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Period", "Donchian Channel period", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_candles.Clear();
_previous = null;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_candles.Clear();
_previous = null;
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var close = candle.ClosePrice;
var previous = _previous;
// The channel of the candles before this one, for the next candle to compare with.
_previous = _candles.Count == Period
? (close, _candles.Max(c => c.High), _candles.Min(c => c.Low))
: null;
_candles.Add((candle.HighPrice, candle.LowPrice));
if (_candles.Count > Period)
_candles.RemoveAt(0);
if (previous is not { } prior || !IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
if (prior.Close < prior.Lower && close > prior.Lower && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (prior.Close > prior.Upper && close < prior.Upper && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Math, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class donchian_reversal_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Donchian Reversal strategy.
A breakout is a close beyond the channel of the Period candles before it. When the next close returns above the lower band
that was broken the position turns long, and when it returns below a broken upper band it turns short. A percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(donchian_reversal_strategy, self).__init__()
self._period = self.Param("Period", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Period", "Donchian Channel period", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._candles = []
# The previous close and the channel it was compared with.
self._previous = None
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(donchian_reversal_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._candles = []
self._previous = None
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(donchian_reversal_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._candles = []
self._previous = None
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
close = candle.ClosePrice
previous = self._previous
period = self._period.Value
# The channel of the candles before this one, for the next candle to compare with.
if len(self._candles) == period:
self._previous = (close, max(c[0] for c in self._candles), min(c[1] for c in self._candles))
else:
self._previous = None
self._candles.append((candle.HighPrice, candle.LowPrice))
if len(self._candles) > period:
self._candles.pop(0)
if previous is None or not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
prior_close, prior_upper, prior_lower = previous
if prior_close < prior_lower and close > prior_lower and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
elif prior_close > prior_upper and close < prior_upper and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
def CreateClone(self):
return donchian_reversal_strategy()