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Estratégia Macd Vwap

Estratégia baseada nos indicadores MACD e VWAP. Entra comprado quando MACD > Signal e preço > VWAP. Entra vendido quando MACD < Signal e preço < VWAP.

Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 109%. Funciona melhor no mercado de criptomoedas.

O momentum do MACD é medido em relação à linha VWAP. Operações compradas buscam força do MACD abaixo do VWAP, enquanto as vendidas se formam acima dele.

Ideal para operadores de momentum intradiário que usam referências ponderadas por volume. Um stop percentual gerencia o risco.

Detalhes

  • Critérios de entrada:
    • Comprado: MACD > Signal && Close > VWAP
    • Vendido: MACD < Signal && Close < VWAP
  • Comprado/Vendido: Ambos
  • Critérios de saída: Cruzamento do MACD na direção oposta
  • Stops: Percentual usando StopLossPercent
  • Valores padrão:
    • MacdFast = 12
    • MacdSlow = 26
    • MacdSignal = 9
    • StopLossPercent = 2
    • CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame() O mercado negocia 24 horas, por isso o VWAP da sessão reinicia a cada dia UTC e pondera o preço típico de cada candle pelo seu volume. Uma compra é encerrada quando o MACD cruza abaixo da linha de sinal e uma venda quando cruza acima. Um sinal de entrada contra uma posição aberta a inverte.
  • Filtros:
    • Categoria: Reversão à média
    • Direção: Ambos
    • Indicadores: MACD, VWAP
    • Stops: Sim
    • Complexidade: Intermediário
    • Período: Médio prazo
    • Sazonalidade: Não
    • Redes neurais: Não
    • Divergência: Não
    • Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Ecng.Common;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

/// <summary>
/// MACD VWAP strategy.
/// The market trades around the clock, so the session VWAP restarts with each UTC day and weighs each candle's typical price by its volume.
/// MACD above its signal line with a close above VWAP goes long and MACD below the signal line with a close below VWAP goes short,
/// reversing an opposite position. A long closes when MACD crosses below the signal line and a short when it crosses above it,
/// and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class MacdVwapStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _macdFast;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _macdSlow;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _macdSignal;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;

	private DateTime? _day;
	private decimal _cumulativePriceVolume;
	private decimal _cumulativeVolume;

	/// <summary>
	/// Fast EMA period of MACD.
	/// </summary>
	public int MacdFast
	{
		get => _macdFast.Value;
		set => _macdFast.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Slow EMA period of MACD.
	/// </summary>
	public int MacdSlow
	{
		get => _macdSlow.Value;
		set => _macdSlow.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Signal line period of MACD.
	/// </summary>
	public int MacdSignal
	{
		get => _macdSignal.Value;
		set => _macdSignal.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
	/// </summary>
	public decimal StopLossPercent
	{
		get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
		set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Candle type.
	/// </summary>
	public DataType CandleType
	{
		get => _candleType.Value;
		set => _candleType.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Constructor.
	/// </summary>
	public MacdVwapStrategy()
	{
		_macdFast = Param(nameof(MacdFast), 12)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("MACD Fast", "Fast EMA period of MACD", "MACD");

		_macdSlow = Param(nameof(MacdSlow), 26)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("MACD Slow", "Slow EMA period of MACD", "MACD");

		_macdSignal = Param(nameof(MacdSignal), 9)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("MACD Signal", "Signal line period of MACD", "MACD");

		_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
			.SetNotNegative()
			.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");

		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
	{
		return [(Security, CandleType)];
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();
		_day = null;
		_cumulativePriceVolume = 0;
		_cumulativeVolume = 0;
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);

		_day = null;
		_cumulativePriceVolume = 0;
		_cumulativeVolume = 0;

		var macd = new MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal
		{
			Macd =
			{
				ShortMa = { Length = MacdFast },
				LongMa = { Length = MacdSlow },
			},
			SignalMa = { Length = MacdSignal }
		};

		var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
		subscription
			.BindEx(macd, ProcessCandle)
			.Start();

		StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);

		// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
		foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
		{
			var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
			quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
			SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
		}

		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, subscription);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);

			var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
			if (oscillators != null)
			{
				DrawIndicator(oscillators, macd);
			}
		}
	}

	private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
	{
		// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
	}

	private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue macdValue)
	{
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
			return;

		var day = candle.OpenTime.Date;

		if (_day != day)
		{
			_day = day;
			_cumulativePriceVolume = 0;
			_cumulativeVolume = 0;
		}

		var typicalPrice = (candle.HighPrice + candle.LowPrice + candle.ClosePrice) / 3;
		_cumulativePriceVolume += typicalPrice * candle.TotalVolume;
		_cumulativeVolume += candle.TotalVolume;

		if (!macdValue.IsFormed || _cumulativeVolume <= 0)
			return;

		var macdTyped = (MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignalValue)macdValue;

		if (macdTyped.Macd is not decimal macd || macdTyped.Signal is not decimal signal)
			return;

		if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
			return;

		var vwap = _cumulativePriceVolume / _cumulativeVolume;
		var close = candle.ClosePrice;

		if (macd > signal && close > vwap && Position <= 0)
			BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
		else if (macd < signal && close < vwap && Position >= 0)
			SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
		else if (Position > 0 && macd < signal)
			SellMarket(Position);
		else if (Position < 0 && macd > signal)
			BuyMarket(-Position);
	}
}