Стратегия возврата по MACD
Метод отслеживает гистограмму MACD относительно её среднего значения. Крайние значения гистограммы часто возвращаются после ослабления импульса. Наблюдая разницу между MACD и сигнальной линией, стратегия находит чрезмерные движения.
Тестирование показывает среднегодичную доходность около 67%. Стратегию лучше запускать на фондовом рынке.
Длинная позиция открывается, когда гистограмма MACD опускается ниже среднего на DeviationMultiplier стандартных отклонений. Короткая — когда гистограмма поднимается выше среднего на ту же величину. Сделка закрывается при пересечении гистограммой своего среднего.
Подход ориентирован на трейдеров, готовых торговать против крайних импульсов. Стоп‑лосс в процентах от цены входа защищает от продолжения тренда.
Подробности
- Условия входа:
- Long: гистограмма MACD < Avg − DeviationMultiplier * StdDev
- Short: гистограмма MACD > Avg + DeviationMultiplier * StdDev
- Long/Short: обе стороны.
- Условия выхода:
- Long: выход при гистограмме > Avg
- Short: выход при гистограмме < Avg
- Стопы: да, процентный стоп‑лосс.
- Параметры по умолчанию:
FastMacdPeriod= 12SlowMacdPeriod= 26SignalPeriod= 9AveragePeriod= 20DeviationMultiplier= 2StopLossPercent= 2CandleType= TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5) Avg и StdDev — среднее и стандартное отклонение последних AveragePeriod значений гистограммы MACD, включая текущее. Стоп — фиксированный StopLossPercent от цены входа, он отслеживается и между свечами; 0 отключает его. Сигнал на вход против открытой позиции разворачивает её.
- Фильтры:
- Категория: Возврат к среднему
- Направление: Обе стороны
- Индикаторы: MACD
- Стопы: Да
- Сложность: Средняя
- Таймфрейм: Внутридневной
- Сезонность: Нет
- Нейросети: Нет
- Дивергенция: Нет
- Уровень риска: Средний
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// MACD Mean Reversion strategy.
/// The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod histogram values, the current one included.
/// histogram below the lower band goes long and histogram above the upper band goes short,
/// reversing an opposite position. A long closes once histogram is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class MacdMeanReversionStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _fastMacdPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _slowMacdPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _signalPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _averagePeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _deviationMultiplier;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly Queue<decimal> _values = [];
/// <summary>
/// Fast EMA period of MACD.
/// </summary>
public int FastMacdPeriod
{
get => _fastMacdPeriod.Value;
set => _fastMacdPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Slow EMA period of MACD.
/// </summary>
public int SlowMacdPeriod
{
get => _slowMacdPeriod.Value;
set => _slowMacdPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Signal line period of MACD.
/// </summary>
public int SignalPeriod
{
get => _signalPeriod.Value;
set => _signalPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Values of histogram the average and the standard deviation span.
/// </summary>
public int AveragePeriod
{
get => _averagePeriod.Value;
set => _averagePeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Standard deviations between the average and a band.
/// </summary>
public decimal DeviationMultiplier
{
get => _deviationMultiplier.Value;
set => _deviationMultiplier.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public MacdMeanReversionStrategy()
{
_fastMacdPeriod = Param(nameof(FastMacdPeriod), 12)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("MACD Fast", "Fast EMA period of MACD", "Indicators");
_slowMacdPeriod = Param(nameof(SlowMacdPeriod), 26)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("MACD Slow", "Slow EMA period of MACD", "Indicators");
_signalPeriod = Param(nameof(SignalPeriod), 9)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("MACD Signal", "Signal line period of MACD", "Indicators");
_averagePeriod = Param(nameof(AveragePeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of histogram the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators");
_deviationMultiplier = Param(nameof(DeviationMultiplier), 2m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_values.Clear();
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_values.Clear();
var macd = new MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal
{
Macd =
{
ShortMa = { Length = FastMacdPeriod },
LongMa = { Length = SlowMacdPeriod },
},
SignalMa = { Length = SignalPeriod }
};
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(macd, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
if (oscillators != null)
{
DrawIndicator(oscillators, macd);
}
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue macdValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!macdValue.IsFormed || macdValue is not MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignalValue { Macd: decimal macd, Signal: decimal signal })
return;
// The histogram is the MACD line minus its signal line.
var value = macd - signal;
_values.Enqueue(value);
if (_values.Count > AveragePeriod)
_values.Dequeue();
if (_values.Count < AveragePeriod)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var mean = _values.Average();
var deviation = (decimal)Math.Sqrt((double)_values.Average(v => (v - mean) * (v - mean)));
var upper = mean + DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
var lower = mean - DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
if (value < lower && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (value > upper && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && value > mean)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && value < mean)
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class macd_mean_reversion_strategy(Strategy):
"""
MACD Mean Reversion strategy.
The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod histogram values, the current one included.
histogram below the lower band goes long and histogram above the upper band goes short,
reversing an opposite position. A long closes once histogram is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(macd_mean_reversion_strategy, self).__init__()
self._fast_macd_period = self.Param("FastMacdPeriod", 12).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("MACD Fast", "Fast EMA period of MACD", "Indicators")
self._slow_macd_period = self.Param("SlowMacdPeriod", 26).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("MACD Slow", "Slow EMA period of MACD", "Indicators")
self._signal_period = self.Param("SignalPeriod", 9).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("MACD Signal", "Signal line period of MACD", "Indicators")
self._average_period = self.Param("AveragePeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of histogram the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators")
self._deviation_multiplier = self.Param("DeviationMultiplier", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._values = []
def OnReseted(self):
super(macd_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(macd_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
macd = MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal()
macd.Macd.ShortMa.Length = self._fast_macd_period.Value
macd.Macd.LongMa.Length = self._slow_macd_period.Value
macd.SignalMa.Length = self._signal_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(macd, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
oscillators = self.CreateChartArea()
if oscillators is not None:
self.DrawIndicator(oscillators, macd)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, macd_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not macd_value.IsFormed or macd_value.Macd is None or macd_value.Signal is None:
return
# The histogram is the MACD line minus its signal line.
value = macd_value.Macd - macd_value.Signal
period = self._average_period.Value
self._values.append(value)
if len(self._values) > period:
self._values.pop(0)
if len(self._values) < period:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
total = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
total += item
mean = total / Decimal(period)
squares = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
squares += (item - mean) * (item - mean)
deviation = Decimal(Math.Sqrt(Decimal.ToDouble(squares / Decimal(period))))
multiplier = Decimal(self._deviation_multiplier.Value)
upper = mean + multiplier * deviation
lower = mean - multiplier * deviation
if value < lower and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif value > upper and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and value > mean:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and value < mean:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def CreateClone(self):
return macd_mean_reversion_strategy()