Стратегия разворота по Heikin‑Ashi
Свечи Heikin‑Ashi сглаживают шум и подчёркивают направление тренда. Переход от серии медвежьих HA‑свечей к бычьей, или наоборот, может указывать на смену импульса. Эта стратегия торгует такие смены цвета и использует процентный стоп для защиты.
Тестирование показывает среднегодичную доходность около 145%. Стратегию лучше запускать на крипторынке.
Логика рассчитывает значения Heikin‑Ashi из обычных свечей. Когда закрытие HA поднимается выше открытия после медвежьей серии, открывается длинная позиция. Пересечение вниз после бычьего движения открывает короткую позицию. Стоп размещается на фиксированном проценте от входа.
Метод прост, но эффективен в периоды боковых колебаний, когда классические свечи дают много шума.
Детали
- Условия входа: свеча Heikin‑Ashi меняет цвет.
- Длинные/короткие: обе стороны.
- Условия выхода: стоп‑лосс.
- Стопы: да, процентные.
- Значения по умолчанию:
CandleType= 15 минутStopLossPercent= 2
- Фильтры:
- Категория: разворот
- Направление: оба
- Индикаторы: Heikin‑Ashi
- Стопы: да
- Сложность: базовая
- Таймфрейм: внутридневной
- Сезонность: нет
- Нейросети: нет
- Дивергенция: нет
- Уровень риска: средний
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Heikin Ashi Reversal strategy.
/// Computes Heikin-Ashi candles from regular candles. A bullish Heikin-Ashi candle after bearish ones turns the position long,
/// a bearish one after bullish ones turns it short; a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class HeikinAshiReversalStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private decimal? _haOpen;
private decimal _haClose;
private bool? _prevBullish;
/// <summary>
/// Stop-loss percentage.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public HeikinAshiReversalStrategy()
{
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_haOpen = null;
_haClose = default;
_prevBullish = null;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_haOpen = null;
_haClose = default;
_prevBullish = null;
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var haClose = (candle.OpenPrice + candle.HighPrice + candle.LowPrice + candle.ClosePrice) / 4;
var haOpen = _haOpen is decimal prevOpen
? (prevOpen + _haClose) / 2
: (candle.OpenPrice + candle.ClosePrice) / 2;
_haOpen = haOpen;
_haClose = haClose;
// A Heikin-Ashi candle without a body keeps the previous color.
if (haClose == haOpen)
return;
var isBullish = haClose > haOpen;
var wasBullish = _prevBullish;
_prevBullish = isBullish;
if (wasBullish is not bool previous || previous == isBullish || !IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
if (isBullish && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (!isBullish && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Math, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class heikin_ashi_reversal_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Heikin Ashi Reversal strategy.
Computes Heikin-Ashi candles from regular candles. A bullish Heikin-Ashi candle after bearish ones turns the position long,
a bearish one after bullish ones turns it short; a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(heikin_ashi_reversal_strategy, self).__init__()
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._ha_open = None
self._ha_close = Decimal(0)
self._prev_bullish = None
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(heikin_ashi_reversal_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._ha_open = None
self._ha_close = Decimal(0)
self._prev_bullish = None
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(heikin_ashi_reversal_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._ha_open = None
self._ha_close = Decimal(0)
self._prev_bullish = None
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
ha_close = (candle.OpenPrice + candle.HighPrice + candle.LowPrice + candle.ClosePrice) / Decimal(4)
if self._ha_open is None:
ha_open = (candle.OpenPrice + candle.ClosePrice) / Decimal(2)
else:
ha_open = (self._ha_open + self._ha_close) / Decimal(2)
self._ha_open = ha_open
self._ha_close = ha_close
# A Heikin-Ashi candle without a body keeps the previous color.
if ha_close == ha_open:
return
is_bullish = ha_close > ha_open
was_bullish = self._prev_bullish
self._prev_bullish = is_bullish
if was_bullish is None or was_bullish == is_bullish or not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
if is_bullish and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
elif not is_bullish and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
def CreateClone(self):
return heikin_ashi_reversal_strategy()