Estrategia de Reversión Bajista de Tres Barras
Una imagen especular de la versión alcista, esta configuración busca reversiones bajistas rápidas. Después de dos fuertes velas alcistas que empujan a nuevos máximos, una vela bajista decisiva cierra por debajo del mínimo de la barra anterior. Una breve tendencia alcista previa ayuda a confirmar el agotamiento de los compradores.
Las pruebas indican un rendimiento anual promedio de aproximadamente el 88%. Funciona mejor en el mercado de acciones.
El algoritmo rastrea una ventana deslizante de tres velas. Cuando aparece el patrón y se cumple cualquier requisito de tendencia alcista, se toma una posición corta con el stop por encima del máximo del patrón. Las reglas son sencillas, por lo que las señales se generan inmediatamente al cierre de la vela.
La operación se cierra en el stop protector o cuando se forma otro patrón. Dado que juega con retrocesos a corto plazo dentro de un posible movimiento bajista, funciona mejor en mercados volátiles.
Detalles
- Criterios de entrada: Dos velas alcistas con máximos crecientes, luego una vela bajista que cierra por debajo del mínimo de la barra central.
- Largo/Corto: Solo cortos.
- Criterios de salida: Stop-loss o siguiente patrón.
- Stops: Sí, por encima del máximo del patrón.
- Valores predeterminados:
CandleType= 15 minuteStopLossPercent= 1RequireUptrend= trueUptrendLength= 5
- Filtros:
- Categoría: Patrón
- Dirección: Corto
- Indicadores: Candlestick
- Stops: Sí
- Complejidad: Intermedio
- Marco temporal: Intradía
- Estacionalidad: No
- Redes neuronales: No
- Divergencia: No
- Nivel de riesgo: Medio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Short-only three-bar reversal after an optional net uptrend.
/// A pattern-high stop and an opposite three-bar reversal close the full position.
/// </summary>
public class ThreeBarReversalDownStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<bool> _requireUptrend;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _uptrendLength;
private readonly List<ICandleMessage> _recent = new();
private decimal? _patternStop;
private Order _entryOrder;
private Order _exitOrder;
public DataType CandleType { get => _candleType.Value; set => _candleType.Value = value; }
public decimal StopLossPercent { get => _stopLossPercent.Value; set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value; }
public bool RequireUptrend { get => _requireUptrend.Value; set => _requireUptrend.Value = value; }
public int UptrendLength { get => _uptrendLength.Value; set => _uptrendLength.Value = value; }
public ThreeBarReversalDownStrategy()
{
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Three-bar pattern timeframe", "General");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 1m).SetRange(0m, 99m)
.SetDisplay("Stop above pattern high (%)", "Buffer above the highest of all three pattern highs; zero places the stop at that high.", "Protection");
_requireUptrend = Param(nameof(RequireUptrend), true)
.SetDisplay("Require Uptrend", "Require a net Close rise before the signal candle.", "Pattern");
_uptrendLength = Param(nameof(UptrendLength), 5).SetRange(2, 100)
.SetDisplay("Uptrend Length", "Number of preceding candles from first Close to last Close, including the two bullish pattern bars.", "Pattern");
}
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
=> [(Security, CandleType), (Security, DataType.Level1)];
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
ClearState();
}
private void ClearState()
{
_recent.Clear();
_patternStop = null;
_entryOrder = _exitOrder = null;
}
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
ClearState();
var asks = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
asks.MarketData.BuildField = Level1Fields.BestAskPrice;
SubscribeLevel1(asks).Bind(ProcessAsk).Start();
var candles = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
candles.Bind(ProcessCandle).Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, candles);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private static bool IsPending(Order order)
=> order is not null && order.State is not (OrderStates.Done or OrderStates.Failed);
private void ProcessAsk(Level1ChangeMessage message)
{
if (message.TryGetDecimal(Level1Fields.BestAskPrice) is decimal ask && ask > 0m)
CheckStop(ask);
}
private bool CheckStop(decimal executableAsk)
{
if (Position >= 0m || _patternStop is not decimal stop || executableAsk < stop || IsPending(_exitOrder))
return false;
_exitOrder = BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
_recent.Clear();
_patternStop = null;
return true;
}
private void Append(ICandleMessage candle)
{
_recent.Add(candle);
if (_recent.Count > UptrendLength)
_recent.RemoveAt(0);
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (Position < 0m && CheckStop(candle.HighPrice))
return;
if (IsPending(_entryOrder) || IsPending(_exitOrder))
{
Append(candle);
return;
}
var previous = _recent.Count >= 1 ? _recent[^1] : null;
var older = _recent.Count >= 2 ? _recent[^2] : null;
var downPattern = older is not null && previous.ClosePrice > previous.OpenPrice &&
older.ClosePrice > older.OpenPrice && previous.HighPrice > older.HighPrice &&
candle.ClosePrice < candle.OpenPrice && candle.ClosePrice < previous.LowPrice;
var upPattern = older is not null && previous.ClosePrice < previous.OpenPrice &&
older.ClosePrice < older.OpenPrice && previous.LowPrice < older.LowPrice &&
candle.ClosePrice > candle.OpenPrice && candle.ClosePrice > previous.HighPrice;
if (Position < 0m && upPattern && IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
{
_exitOrder = BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
_recent.Clear();
_patternStop = null;
}
else if (Position == 0m && downPattern &&
(!RequireUptrend || _recent.Count >= UptrendLength &&
_recent[^1].ClosePrice > _recent[^UptrendLength].ClosePrice) &&
IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
{
_patternStop = Math.Max(Math.Max(older.HighPrice, previous.HighPrice), candle.HighPrice) *
(1m + StopLossPercent / 100m);
_entryOrder = SellMarket(Volume);
}
Append(candle);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Level1Fields, OrderStates
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class three_bar_reversal_down_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Short-only three-bar reversal after an optional net uptrend.
A pattern-high stop and an opposite three-bar reversal close the full position.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(three_bar_reversal_down_strategy, self).__init__()
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Three-bar pattern timeframe", "General")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 1.0).SetRange(0.0, 99.0).SetDisplay("Stop above pattern high (%)", "Buffer above the highest of all three pattern highs; zero places the stop at that high.", "Protection")
self._require_uptrend = self.Param("RequireUptrend", True).SetDisplay("Require Uptrend", "Require a net Close rise before the signal candle.", "Pattern")
self._uptrend_length = self.Param("UptrendLength", 5).SetRange(2, 100).SetDisplay("Uptrend Length", "Number of preceding candles from first Close to last Close, including the two bullish pattern bars.", "Pattern")
self._clear_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def GetWorkingSecurities(self):
return [(self.Security, self.candle_type), (self.Security, DataType.Level1)]
def _clear_state(self):
self._recent = []
self._pattern_stop = None
self._entry_order = None
self._exit_order = None
def OnReseted(self):
super(three_bar_reversal_down_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._clear_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(three_bar_reversal_down_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._clear_state()
asks = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
asks.MarketData.BuildField = Level1Fields.BestAskPrice
self.SubscribeLevel1(asks).Bind(self._process_ask).Start()
candles = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
candles.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, candles)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _is_pending(self, order):
return order is not None and order.State not in (OrderStates.Done, OrderStates.Failed)
def _process_ask(self, message):
if message.Changes.ContainsKey(Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
ask = message.Changes[Level1Fields.BestAskPrice]
if ask is not None and ask > Decimal(0):
self._check_stop(ask)
def _check_stop(self, executable_ask):
if (self.Position >= 0 or self._pattern_stop is None or
executable_ask < self._pattern_stop or self._is_pending(self._exit_order)):
return False
self._exit_order = self.BuyMarket(Math.Abs(self.Position))
self._recent = []
self._pattern_stop = None
return True
def _append(self, candle):
self._recent.append(candle)
if len(self._recent) > self._uptrend_length.Value:
self._recent.pop(0)
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if self.Position < 0 and self._check_stop(candle.HighPrice):
return
if self._is_pending(self._entry_order) or self._is_pending(self._exit_order):
self._append(candle)
return
previous = self._recent[-1] if len(self._recent) >= 1 else None
older = self._recent[-2] if len(self._recent) >= 2 else None
down_pattern = (older is not None and previous.ClosePrice > previous.OpenPrice and
older.ClosePrice > older.OpenPrice and previous.HighPrice > older.HighPrice and
candle.ClosePrice < candle.OpenPrice and candle.ClosePrice < previous.LowPrice)
up_pattern = (older is not None and previous.ClosePrice < previous.OpenPrice and
older.ClosePrice < older.OpenPrice and previous.LowPrice < older.LowPrice and
candle.ClosePrice > candle.OpenPrice and candle.ClosePrice > previous.HighPrice)
if self.Position < 0 and up_pattern and self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
self._exit_order = self.BuyMarket(Math.Abs(self.Position))
self._recent = []
self._pattern_stop = None
elif (self.Position == 0 and down_pattern and
(not self._require_uptrend.Value or
len(self._recent) >= self._uptrend_length.Value and
self._recent[-1].ClosePrice > self._recent[-self._uptrend_length.Value].ClosePrice) and
self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading()):
pattern_high = Math.Max(Math.Max(older.HighPrice, previous.HighPrice), candle.HighPrice)
self._pattern_stop = pattern_high * (Decimal(1) + Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value) / Decimal(100))
self._entry_order = self.SellMarket(self.Volume)
self._append(candle)
def CreateClone(self):
return three_bar_reversal_down_strategy()