Ruptura MACD
La estrategia de Ruptura MACD observa el MACD en busca de expansiones repentinas. Cuando las lecturas saltan más allá de su rango normal, el precio a menudo inicia un nuevo movimiento.
Las pruebas indican un rendimiento anual promedio de aproximadamente 94%. Funciona mejor en el mercado de acciones.
Una posición se abre una vez que el indicador perfora una banda derivada de datos recientes y un multiplicador de desviación. Son posibles operaciones largas y cortas con un stop adjunto.
Este sistema se adapta a traders de momentum que buscan rupturas tempranas. Las operaciones se cierran cuando el MACD regresa hacia la media. Los valores predeterminados comienzan con FastEmaPeriod = 12.
Detalles
- Criterios de entrada: El indicador supera la media por el multiplicador de desviación.
- Largo/Corto: Ambas direcciones.
- Criterios de salida: El indicador revierte a la media.
- Stops: Sí.
- Valores predeterminados:
FastEmaPeriod= 12SlowEmaPeriod= 26SignalPeriod= 9SmaPeriod= 20DeviationMultiplier= 2StopLossPercent= 2CandleType= TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5) Avg y StdDev son la media y la desviación estándar de los últimos SmaPeriod valores de la línea MACD, incluido el actual. El stop es un StopLossPercent fijo del precio de entrada, vigilado también entre velas; 0 lo desactiva. Las bandas son la media más y menos DeviationMultiplier desviaciones estándar: la línea MACD por encima de la banda superior abre un largo y por debajo de la inferior un corto; un largo se cierra cuando la línea MACD vuelve por debajo de su media y un corto cuando vuelve por encima. Una señal de entrada contra una posición abierta la invierte.
- Filtros:
- Categoría: Ruptura
- Dirección: Ambos
- Indicadores: MACD
- Stops: Sí
- Complejidad: Intermedio
- Marco temporal: Corto plazo
- Estacionalidad: No
- Redes neuronales: No
- Divergencia: No
- Nivel de riesgo: Medio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// MACD Breakout strategy.
/// The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last SmaPeriod MACD values, the current one included.
/// MACD above the upper band goes long and MACD below the lower band goes short,
/// reversing an opposite position. A long closes once MACD is back below its average and a short once it is back above it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class MacdBreakoutStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _fastEmaPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _slowEmaPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _signalPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _smaPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _deviationMultiplier;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly Queue<decimal> _values = [];
/// <summary>
/// Fast EMA period of MACD.
/// </summary>
public int FastEmaPeriod
{
get => _fastEmaPeriod.Value;
set => _fastEmaPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Slow EMA period of MACD.
/// </summary>
public int SlowEmaPeriod
{
get => _slowEmaPeriod.Value;
set => _slowEmaPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Signal line period of MACD.
/// </summary>
public int SignalPeriod
{
get => _signalPeriod.Value;
set => _signalPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Values of MACD the average and the standard deviation span.
/// </summary>
public int SmaPeriod
{
get => _smaPeriod.Value;
set => _smaPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Standard deviations between the average and a band.
/// </summary>
public decimal DeviationMultiplier
{
get => _deviationMultiplier.Value;
set => _deviationMultiplier.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public MacdBreakoutStrategy()
{
_fastEmaPeriod = Param(nameof(FastEmaPeriod), 12)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("MACD Fast", "Fast EMA period of MACD", "Indicators");
_slowEmaPeriod = Param(nameof(SlowEmaPeriod), 26)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("MACD Slow", "Slow EMA period of MACD", "Indicators");
_signalPeriod = Param(nameof(SignalPeriod), 9)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("MACD Signal", "Signal line period of MACD", "Indicators");
_smaPeriod = Param(nameof(SmaPeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of MACD the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators");
_deviationMultiplier = Param(nameof(DeviationMultiplier), 2m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_values.Clear();
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_values.Clear();
var macd = new MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal
{
Macd =
{
ShortMa = { Length = FastEmaPeriod },
LongMa = { Length = SlowEmaPeriod },
},
SignalMa = { Length = SignalPeriod }
};
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(macd, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
if (oscillators != null)
{
DrawIndicator(oscillators, macd);
}
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue macdValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!macdValue.IsFormed || macdValue is not MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignalValue { Macd: decimal macd, Signal: decimal signal })
return;
var value = macd;
_values.Enqueue(value);
if (_values.Count > SmaPeriod)
_values.Dequeue();
if (_values.Count < SmaPeriod)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var mean = _values.Average();
var deviation = (decimal)Math.Sqrt((double)_values.Average(v => (v - mean) * (v - mean)));
var upper = mean + DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
var lower = mean - DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
if (value > upper && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (value < lower && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && value < mean)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && value > mean)
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class macd_breakout_strategy(Strategy):
"""
MACD Breakout strategy.
The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last SmaPeriod MACD values, the current one included.
MACD above the upper band goes long and MACD below the lower band goes short,
reversing an opposite position. A long closes once MACD is back below its average and a short once it is back above it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(macd_breakout_strategy, self).__init__()
self._fast_ema_period = self.Param("FastEmaPeriod", 12).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("MACD Fast", "Fast EMA period of MACD", "Indicators")
self._slow_ema_period = self.Param("SlowEmaPeriod", 26).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("MACD Slow", "Slow EMA period of MACD", "Indicators")
self._signal_period = self.Param("SignalPeriod", 9).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("MACD Signal", "Signal line period of MACD", "Indicators")
self._sma_period = self.Param("SmaPeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of MACD the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators")
self._deviation_multiplier = self.Param("DeviationMultiplier", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._values = []
def OnReseted(self):
super(macd_breakout_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(macd_breakout_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
macd = MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal()
macd.Macd.ShortMa.Length = self._fast_ema_period.Value
macd.Macd.LongMa.Length = self._slow_ema_period.Value
macd.SignalMa.Length = self._signal_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(macd, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
oscillators = self.CreateChartArea()
if oscillators is not None:
self.DrawIndicator(oscillators, macd)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, macd_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not macd_value.IsFormed or macd_value.Macd is None or macd_value.Signal is None:
return
value = macd_value.Macd
period = self._sma_period.Value
self._values.append(value)
if len(self._values) > period:
self._values.pop(0)
if len(self._values) < period:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
total = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
total += item
mean = total / Decimal(period)
squares = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
squares += (item - mean) * (item - mean)
deviation = Decimal(Math.Sqrt(Decimal.ToDouble(squares / Decimal(period))))
multiplier = Decimal(self._deviation_multiplier.Value)
upper = mean + multiplier * deviation
lower = mean - multiplier * deviation
if value > upper and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif value < lower and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and value < mean:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and value > mean:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def CreateClone(self):
return macd_breakout_strategy()