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Estrategia ATR MACD

ATR MACD utiliza la volatilidad del Average True Range para ajustar el tamaño de la posición mientras opera los cruces del MACD. Lecturas más altas del ATR resultan en un tamaño de operación menor, manteniendo el riesgo consistente en diferentes regímenes de mercado.

Las pruebas indican un rendimiento anual promedio de aproximadamente 154%. Funciona mejor en el mercado de acciones.

Las entradas ocurren cuando el MACD cruza su línea de señal, con salidas activadas por el cruce opuesto o un stop porcentual.

Esta combinación busca capturar momentum mientras se tiene en cuenta la volatilidad cambiante.

Detalles

  • Criterios de entrada: señal de indicador
  • Largo/Corto: Ambos
  • Criterios de salida: stop-loss o señal opuesta
  • Stops: Sí, basado en porcentaje
  • Valores predeterminados:
    • CandleType = 15 minute
    • StopLossPercent = 2
    • MacdFast = 12
    • MacdSlow = 26
    • MacdSignal = 9
    • AtrPeriod = 14
    • AtrAvgPeriod = 20 Un cruce del MACD por encima de su línea de señal abre un largo y por debajo un corto; el cruce opuesto invierte la posición. Cada nueva posición es Volume por la media de los últimos AtrAvgPeriod valores del ATR dividida por el ATR actual, redondeada hacia abajo al paso de volumen.
  • Filtros:
    • Categoría: Seguimiento de tendencia
    • Dirección: Ambos
    • Indicadores: ATR, MACD
    • Stops: Sí
    • Complejidad: Intermedio
    • Marco temporal: Intradía
    • Estacionalidad: No
    • Redes neuronales: No
    • Divergencia: No
    • Nivel de riesgo: Medio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

using Ecng.Common;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

/// <summary>
/// ATR MACD strategy.
/// A MACD cross above its signal line goes long and a cross below goes short, the opposite cross reversing the position.
/// Each new position is sized as Volume times the average of the last AtrAvgPeriod ATR values divided by the current ATR,
/// rounded down to the volume step, so higher volatility trades smaller. A percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class AtrMacdStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _macdFast;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _macdSlow;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _macdSignal;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _atrPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _atrAvgPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;

	private bool? _prevAbove;
	private readonly List<decimal> _atrs = [];

	/// <summary>
	/// Fast EMA period of MACD.
	/// </summary>
	public int MacdFast
	{
		get => _macdFast.Value;
		set => _macdFast.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Slow EMA period of MACD.
	/// </summary>
	public int MacdSlow
	{
		get => _macdSlow.Value;
		set => _macdSlow.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Signal line period of MACD.
	/// </summary>
	public int MacdSignal
	{
		get => _macdSignal.Value;
		set => _macdSignal.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Period of ATR.
	/// </summary>
	public int AtrPeriod
	{
		get => _atrPeriod.Value;
		set => _atrPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// ATR values the typical volatility is averaged over.
	/// </summary>
	public int AtrAvgPeriod
	{
		get => _atrAvgPeriod.Value;
		set => _atrAvgPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
	/// </summary>
	public decimal StopLossPercent
	{
		get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
		set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Candle type.
	/// </summary>
	public DataType CandleType
	{
		get => _candleType.Value;
		set => _candleType.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Constructor.
	/// </summary>
	public AtrMacdStrategy()
	{
		_macdFast = Param(nameof(MacdFast), 12)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("MACD Fast", "Fast EMA period of MACD", "MACD");

		_macdSlow = Param(nameof(MacdSlow), 26)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("MACD Slow", "Slow EMA period of MACD", "MACD");

		_macdSignal = Param(nameof(MacdSignal), 9)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("MACD Signal", "Signal line period of MACD", "MACD");

		_atrPeriod = Param(nameof(AtrPeriod), 14)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("ATR Period", "Period of ATR", "Sizing");

		_atrAvgPeriod = Param(nameof(AtrAvgPeriod), 20)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("ATR Average Period", "ATR values the typical volatility is averaged over", "Sizing");

		_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
			.SetNotNegative()
			.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");

		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
	{
		return [(Security, CandleType)];
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();
		_prevAbove = null;
		_atrs.Clear();
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);

		_prevAbove = null;
		_atrs.Clear();

		var macd = new MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal
		{
			Macd =
			{
				ShortMa = { Length = MacdFast },
				LongMa = { Length = MacdSlow },
			},
			SignalMa = { Length = MacdSignal }
		};
		var atr = new AverageTrueRange { Length = AtrPeriod };

		var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
		subscription
			.BindEx(macd, atr, ProcessCandle)
			.Start();

		StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);

		// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
		foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
		{
			var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
			quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
			SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
		}

		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, subscription);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);

			var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
			if (oscillators != null)
			{
				DrawIndicator(oscillators, macd);
				DrawIndicator(oscillators, atr);
			}
		}
	}

	private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
	{
		// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
	}

	private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue macdValue, IIndicatorValue atrValue)
	{
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
			return;

		if (atrValue.IsFormed)
		{
			_atrs.Add(atrValue.GetValue<decimal>());

			if (_atrs.Count > AtrAvgPeriod)
				_atrs.RemoveAt(0);
		}

		if (!macdValue.IsFormed)
			return;

		var macdTyped = (MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignalValue)macdValue;

		if (macdTyped.Macd is not decimal macd || macdTyped.Signal is not decimal signal)
			return;

		var isAbove = macd > signal;
		var wasAbove = _prevAbove;
		_prevAbove = isAbove;

		if (wasAbove is not bool was || was == isAbove || _atrs.Count < AtrAvgPeriod)
			return;

		var currentAtr = _atrs[^1];

		if (currentAtr <= 0 || !IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
			return;

		var size = Volume * _atrs.Average() / currentAtr;

		if (Security?.VolumeStep is decimal step && step > 0)
			size = Math.Max(step, Math.Floor(size / step) * step);

		if (isAbove && Position <= 0)
			BuyMarket(size + Math.Abs(Position));
		else if (!isAbove && Position >= 0)
			SellMarket(size + Math.Abs(Position));
	}
}