Estrategia de Divergencia con Williams %R
El oscilador Williams %R mide las condiciones de sobrecompra y sobreventa. Cuando el precio marca un nuevo mínimo pero el %R forma un mínimo más alto, o cuando el precio imprime un nuevo máximo pero el %R gira a la baja, el impulso puede revertirse. Esta estrategia busca tales divergencias en los extremos del indicador.
Las pruebas indican un rendimiento anual promedio de aproximadamente el 109%. Funciona mejor en el mercado de criptomonedas.
En cada barra, el sistema registra el último cierre y el valor de %R para compararlo con la lectura anterior. Una divergencia alcista combinada con un nivel por debajo de -80 activa una entrada larga, mientras que una divergencia bajista y una lectura por encima de -20 genera una posición corta. Los stops se establecen usando un porcentaje del precio.
Las posiciones se cierran cuando el oscilador vuelve al extremo opuesto, capturando el rebote desde la señal de divergencia.
Detalles
- Criterios de entrada: Divergencia Precio/Williams %R con %R por debajo de -80 para largos o por encima de -20 para cortos.
- Largo/Corto: Ambos.
- Criterios de salida: Williams %R alcanzando el extremo opuesto o stop-loss.
- Stops: Sí, basados en porcentaje.
- Valores predeterminados:
WilliamsRPeriod = 14
DivergencePeriod = 5
CandleType = 5 minute
StopLossPercent = 2
- Filtros:
- Categoría: Divergencia
- Dirección: Ambos
- Indicadores: Williams %R
- Stops: Sí
- Complejidad: Intermedio
- Marco temporal: Intradía
- Estacionalidad: No
- Redes neuronales: No
- Divergencia: Sí
- Nivel de riesgo: Medio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Compares each finished bar's close and Williams %R with the reading DivergencePeriod bars back
/// and trades the divergence in the %R extreme zone.
/// Exits at the opposite %R extreme or native actual-fill percent protection.
/// </summary>
public class WilliamsPercentRDivergenceStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _williamsRPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _divergencePeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly Queue<(decimal Close, decimal WilliamsR)> _history = new();
private WilliamsR _williamsR;
private Order _pendingOrder;
public int WilliamsRPeriod { get => _williamsRPeriod.Value; set => _williamsRPeriod.Value = value; }
public int DivergencePeriod { get => _divergencePeriod.Value; set => _divergencePeriod.Value = value; }
public DataType CandleType { get => _candleType.Value; set => _candleType.Value = value; }
public decimal StopLossPercent { get => _stopLossPercent.Value; set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value; }
public WilliamsPercentRDivergenceStrategy()
{
_williamsRPeriod = Param(nameof(WilliamsRPeriod), 14).SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Williams %R Period", "Highest-high/lowest-low lookback", "Indicators");
_divergencePeriod = Param(nameof(DivergencePeriod), 5).SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Divergence Period", "Bars back to the compared close and %R reading", "Pattern");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Williams %R and divergence timeframe", "General");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m).SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it", "Protection");
OrderRegistering += order => _pendingOrder = order;
}
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
=> [(Security, CandleType), (Security, DataType.Level1)];
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
ClearState();
}
private void ClearState()
{
_history.Clear();
_williamsR = null;
_pendingOrder = null;
}
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
ClearState();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
_williamsR = new WilliamsR { Length = WilliamsRPeriod };
var candles = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
candles.Bind(_williamsR, ProcessCandle).Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, candles);
DrawIndicator(area, _williamsR);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// Native actual-fill protection evaluates executable quotes between signal candles.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal value)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished || !_williamsR.IsFormed)
return;
var bullish = false;
var bearish = false;
if (_history.Count == DivergencePeriod)
{
var prior = _history.Peek();
bullish = candle.ClosePrice < prior.Close && value > prior.WilliamsR && value < -80m;
bearish = candle.ClosePrice > prior.Close && value < prior.WilliamsR && value > -20m;
}
_history.Enqueue((candle.ClosePrice, value));
if (_history.Count > DivergencePeriod)
_history.Dequeue();
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading() ||
_pendingOrder is not null && _pendingOrder.State is not (OrderStates.Done or OrderStates.Failed))
return;
if (Position > 0m && value >= -20m)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0m && value <= -80m)
BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position == 0m)
{
if (bullish)
BuyMarket(Volume);
else if (bearish)
SellMarket(Volume);
}
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, OrderStates, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import WilliamsR
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class williams_percent_r_divergence_strategy(Strategy):
"""Compare each finished bar's close and Williams %R with the reading DivergencePeriod bars back
and trade the divergence in the %R extreme zone."""
def __init__(self):
super(williams_percent_r_divergence_strategy, self).__init__()
self._wr_period = self.Param("WilliamsRPeriod", 14).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Williams %R Period", "Highest-high/lowest-low lookback", "Indicators")
self._divergence_period = self.Param("DivergencePeriod", 5).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Divergence Period", "Bars back to the compared close and %R reading", "Pattern")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Williams %R and divergence timeframe", "General")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it", "Protection")
self._clear_state()
self.OrderRegistering += self._track_pending
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def GetWorkingSecurities(self):
return [(self.Security, self.candle_type), (self.Security, DataType.Level1)]
def _track_pending(self, order):
self._pending_order = order
def _clear_state(self):
self._history = []
self._wr = None
self._pending_order = None
def OnReseted(self):
super(williams_percent_r_divergence_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._clear_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(williams_percent_r_divergence_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._clear_state()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
self._wr = WilliamsR()
self._wr.Length = self._wr_period.Value
candles = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
candles.Bind(self._wr, self._process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, candles)
self.DrawIndicator(area, self._wr)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# Native actual-fill protection evaluates executable quotes between signal candles.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished or not self._wr.IsFormed:
return
bullish = False
bearish = False
period = self._divergence_period.Value
close = candle.ClosePrice
if len(self._history) == period:
prior_close, prior_wr = self._history[0]
bullish = close < prior_close and value > prior_wr and value < Decimal(-80)
bearish = close > prior_close and value < prior_wr and value > Decimal(-20)
self._history.append((close, value))
if len(self._history) > period:
self._history.pop(0)
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
if self._pending_order is not None and self._pending_order.State not in (OrderStates.Done, OrderStates.Failed):
return
if self.Position > 0 and value >= Decimal(-20):
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and value <= Decimal(-80):
self.BuyMarket(Math.Abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position == 0:
if bullish:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume)
elif bearish:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume)
def CreateClone(self):
return williams_percent_r_divergence_strategy()