Der volumengewichtete Durchschnittspreis (VWAP) ist ein beliebter Intraday-Referenzwert. Wenn der Kurs erheblich vom VWAP abweicht und dann eine Kerze zurück in Richtung VWAP druckt, folgt oft eine kurze Umkehrbewegung. Diese Strategie handelt diese Abpraller.
Tests zeigen eine durchschnittliche Jahresrendite von etwa 130%. Die Strategie eignet sich am besten für den Aktienmarkt.
Für jeden Balken wird der aktuelle VWAP berechnet. Wenn eine bullische Kerze unterhalb des VWAP schließt, geht das System Long; wenn eine bearische Kerze oberhalb des VWAP schließt, geht es Short. Ein fester Stop-Loss-Prozentsatz steuert das Risiko, und Positionen werden in der Regel nur gehalten, bis ein entgegengesetztes Signal entsteht oder der Stop erreicht wird.
Da die Methode gegen Intraday-Extreme handelt, funktioniert sie am besten in Range-gebundenen Märkten statt in starken Trends.
Details
Einstiegskriterien: Schlusskurs unterhalb VWAP mit bullischer Kerze oder oberhalb VWAP mit bearischer Kerze.
Long/Short: Beide.
Ausstiegskriterien: Entgegengesetztes Signal oder Stop-Loss.
Stops: Ja, prozentbasiert.
Standardwerte:
CandleType = 5 minute
StopLossPercent = 2
Der VWAP beginnt an jedem UTC-Tag neu und gewichtet den typischen Preis jeder Kerze mit ihrem Volumen.
Filter:
Kategorie: Mean Reversion
Richtung: Beide
Indikatoren: VWAP
Stops: Ja
Komplexität: Grundlegend
Zeitrahmen: Intraday
Saisonalität: Nein
Neuronale Netze: Nein
Divergenz: Nein
Risikolevel: Mittel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// VWAP Bounce strategy.
/// The VWAP restarts every UTC day from the typical price of each candle weighted by its volume. A bullish candle closing below
/// the VWAP turns the position long and a bearish candle closing above it turns it short; a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class VwapBounceStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private DateTime? _day;
private decimal _priceVolume;
private decimal _volume;
/// <summary>
/// Stop-loss percentage.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public VwapBounceStrategy()
{
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_day = null;
_priceVolume = default;
_volume = default;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_day = null;
_priceVolume = default;
_volume = default;
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var day = candle.OpenTime.Date;
if (_day != day)
{
_day = day;
_priceVolume = 0;
_volume = 0;
}
var typical = (candle.HighPrice + candle.LowPrice + candle.ClosePrice) / 3m;
_priceVolume += typical * candle.TotalVolume;
_volume += candle.TotalVolume;
if (_volume <= 0 || !IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var vwap = _priceVolume / _volume;
var close = candle.ClosePrice;
if (close > candle.OpenPrice && close < vwap && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (close < candle.OpenPrice && close > vwap && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Math, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class vwap_bounce_strategy(Strategy):
"""
VWAP Bounce strategy.
The VWAP restarts every UTC day from the typical price of each candle weighted by its volume. A bullish candle closing below
the VWAP turns the position long and a bearish candle closing above it turns it short; a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(vwap_bounce_strategy, self).__init__()
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._day = None
self._price_volume = Decimal(0)
self._volume = Decimal(0)
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(vwap_bounce_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._day = None
self._price_volume = Decimal(0)
self._volume = Decimal(0)
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(vwap_bounce_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._day = None
self._price_volume = Decimal(0)
self._volume = Decimal(0)
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
day = candle.OpenTime.Date
if self._day is None or self._day != day:
self._day = day
self._price_volume = Decimal(0)
self._volume = Decimal(0)
typical = (candle.HighPrice + candle.LowPrice + candle.ClosePrice) / Decimal(3)
self._price_volume += typical * candle.TotalVolume
self._volume += candle.TotalVolume
if self._volume <= 0 or not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
vwap = self._price_volume / self._volume
close = candle.ClosePrice
if close > candle.OpenPrice and close < vwap and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
elif close < candle.OpenPrice and close > vwap and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + Math.Abs(self.Position))
def CreateClone(self):
return vwap_bounce_strategy()