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Strategie ATR Expansion Breakout

Diese Strategie folgt Volatilitätsausbrüchen mithilfe des Average True Range. Wenn der ATR im Vergleich zum vorherigen Balken steigt und der Preis relativ zu einem gleitenden Durchschnitt handelt, versucht sie, den Ausbruch zu reiten.

Tests zeigen eine durchschnittliche jährliche Rendite von etwa 145%. Es funktioniert am besten auf dem Kryptomarkt.

Die Expansion des ATR deutet auf eine starke Bewegung hin. Einstiege orientieren sich an der Richtung des Preises relativ zum gleitenden Durchschnitt, während Kontraktionen der Volatilität Ausstiege auslösen.

Stops werden mit einem ATR-Vielfachen gesetzt, um Trades bei hoher Volatilität Spielraum zu geben.

Details

  • Einstiegskriterien: ATR steigt und Preis über/unter MA.
  • Long/Short: Beide Richtungen.
  • Ausstiegskriterien: ATR zieht sich zusammen oder Stop wird erreicht.
  • Stops: Ja.
  • Standardwerte:
    • AtrPeriod = 14
    • MAPeriod = 20
    • AtrMultiplier = 2.0m
    • CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
  • Filter:
    • Kategorie: Ausbruch
    • Richtung: Beide
    • Indikatoren: ATR, MA
    • Stops: Ja
    • Komplexität: Grundlegend
    • Zeitrahmen: Intraday
    • Saisonalität: Nein
    • Neuronale Netze: Nein
    • Divergenz: Nein
    • Risikolevel: Mittel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Ecng.Common;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

/// <summary>
/// Strategy that trades on volatility expansion as measured by ATR.
/// Enters when ATR expands above threshold and price is above/below MA,
/// exits when volatility contracts.
/// </summary>
public class AtrExpansionStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _atrPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _maPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _atrExpansionRatio;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _cooldownBars;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _lookback;

	private decimal _prevAtr;
	private bool _hasPrev;
	private int _cooldown;

	/// <summary>
	/// Period for ATR calculation.
	/// </summary>
	public int AtrPeriod
	{
		get => _atrPeriod.Value;
		set => _atrPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Period for Moving Average calculation.
	/// </summary>
	public int MAPeriod
	{
		get => _maPeriod.Value;
		set => _maPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Ratio of current ATR to previous ATR needed for expansion signal.
	/// </summary>
	public decimal AtrExpansionRatio
	{
		get => _atrExpansionRatio.Value;
		set => _atrExpansionRatio.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Type of candles used for strategy calculation.
	/// </summary>
	public DataType CandleType
	{
		get => _candleType.Value;
		set => _candleType.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Cooldown bars between trades.
	/// </summary>
	public int CooldownBars
	{
		get => _cooldownBars.Value;
		set => _cooldownBars.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Lookback period for ATR comparison.
	/// </summary>
	public int Lookback
	{
		get => _lookback.Value;
		set => _lookback.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Initialize the ATR Expansion strategy.
	/// </summary>
	public AtrExpansionStrategy()
	{
		_atrPeriod = Param(nameof(AtrPeriod), 14)
			.SetDisplay("ATR Period", "Period for ATR calculation", "Indicators")
			.SetOptimize(7, 21, 7);

		_maPeriod = Param(nameof(MAPeriod), 20)
			.SetDisplay("MA Period", "Period for MA calculation", "Indicators")
			.SetOptimize(10, 50, 5);

		_atrExpansionRatio = Param(nameof(AtrExpansionRatio), 1.05m)
			.SetDisplay("Expansion Ratio", "ATR expansion ratio for entry signal", "Entry")
			.SetOptimize(1.1m, 2.0m, 0.1m);

		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");

		_cooldownBars = Param(nameof(CooldownBars), 500)
			.SetRange(1, 100)
			.SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait between trades", "General");

		_lookback = Param(nameof(Lookback), 5)
			.SetRange(1, 50)
			.SetDisplay("Lookback", "Bars to look back for ATR comparison", "General");
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
	{
		return [(Security, CandleType)];
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();
		_prevAtr = default;
		_hasPrev = default;
		_cooldown = default;
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);

		_prevAtr = 0;
		_hasPrev = false;
		_cooldown = 0;

		var atr = new AverageTrueRange { Length = AtrPeriod };
		var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = MAPeriod };

		var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
		subscription
			.Bind(atr, sma, ProcessCandle)
			.Start();

		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, subscription);
			DrawIndicator(area, sma);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);
		}
	}

	private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal atrValue, decimal smaValue)
	{
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
			return;

		if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
			return;

		if (!_hasPrev)
		{
			_prevAtr = atrValue;
			_hasPrev = true;
			return;
		}

		if (_cooldown > 0)
		{
			_cooldown--;
			_prevAtr = atrValue;
			return;
		}

		var isExpanding = _prevAtr > 0 && atrValue / _prevAtr >= AtrExpansionRatio;
		var isContracting = _prevAtr > 0 && atrValue / _prevAtr < 1m / AtrExpansionRatio;

		if (Position == 0 && isExpanding)
		{
			// ATR expanding - enter in direction of price vs MA
			if (candle.ClosePrice > smaValue)
			{
				BuyMarket();
				_cooldown = CooldownBars;
			}
			else if (candle.ClosePrice < smaValue)
			{
				SellMarket();
				_cooldown = CooldownBars;
			}
		}
		else if (Position > 0 && isContracting)
		{
			// Volatility contracting - exit long
			SellMarket();
			_cooldown = CooldownBars;
		}
		else if (Position < 0 && isContracting)
		{
			// Volatility contracting - exit short
			BuyMarket();
			_cooldown = CooldownBars;
		}

		_prevAtr = atrValue;
	}
}