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Strategie MACD Zero Cross

Dieses System handelt Momentum-Wechsel, wenn das Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)-Histogramm sich der Nulllinie nähert. Ein steigender MACD unterhalb der Null oder ein fallender MACD oberhalb der Null signalisiert eine mögliche Umkehr.

Tests zeigen eine durchschnittliche jährliche Rendite von etwa 136%. Es funktioniert am besten auf dem Aktienmarkt.

Die Strategie wartet darauf, dass die MACD-Linie auf null zusteuert, während sie noch auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite ist. Sobald das Momentum nachlässt, tritt sie ein und erwartet einen Preisschwung.

Trades schließen, wenn der MACD seine Signallinie kreuzt oder ein Stop-Loss ausgelöst wird.

Details

  • Einstiegskriterien: MACD nähert sich von beiden Seiten der Null.
  • Long/Short: Beide Richtungen.
  • Ausstiegskriterien: MACD kreuzt Signallinie oder Stop.
  • Stops: Ja.
  • Standardwerte:
    • FastPeriod = 12
    • SlowPeriod = 26
    • SignalPeriod = 9
    • StopLossPercent = 2.0m
    • CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
  • Filter:
    • Kategorie: Momentum
    • Richtung: Beide
    • Indikatoren: MACD
    • Stops: Ja
    • Komplexität: Grundlegend
    • Zeitrahmen: Intraday
    • Saisonalität: Nein
    • Neuronale Netze: Nein
    • Divergenz: Nein
    • Risikolevel: Mittel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Ecng.Common;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

/// <summary>
/// Enters while the MACD line approaches zero, before reaching it.
/// Exits on a signal-line crossing and protects actual fills with a percent stop.
/// </summary>
public class MacdZeroStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _fastPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _slowPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _signalPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;

	private decimal _prevMacd;
	private bool _hasPrev;
	private decimal _prevSignal;
	private Order _pendingOrder;

	/// <summary>
	/// Fast EMA period for MACD calculation.
	/// </summary>
	public int FastPeriod
	{
		get => _fastPeriod.Value;
		set => _fastPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Slow EMA period for MACD calculation.
	/// </summary>
	public int SlowPeriod
	{
		get => _slowPeriod.Value;
		set => _slowPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Signal line period for MACD calculation.
	/// </summary>
	public int SignalPeriod
	{
		get => _signalPeriod.Value;
		set => _signalPeriod.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Type of candles used for strategy calculation.
	/// </summary>
	public DataType CandleType
	{
		get => _candleType.Value;
		set => _candleType.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Initialize the MACD Zero strategy.
	/// </summary>
	public MacdZeroStrategy()
	{
		_fastPeriod = Param(nameof(FastPeriod), 12).SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("Fast EMA", "Fast EMA period for MACD", "MACD")
			.SetOptimize(8, 16, 2);

		_slowPeriod = Param(nameof(SlowPeriod), 26).SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("Slow EMA", "Slow EMA period for MACD", "MACD")
			.SetOptimize(15, 30, 2);

		_signalPeriod = Param(nameof(SignalPeriod), 9).SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("Signal", "Signal line period for MACD", "MACD")
			.SetOptimize(7, 12, 1);

		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");

		_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m).SetNotNegative()
			.SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it.", "Protection");
		OrderRegistering += order => _pendingOrder = order;
	}

	public decimal StopLossPercent { get => _stopLossPercent.Value; set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value; }

	/// <inheritdoc />
	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
	{
		return [(Security, CandleType), (Security, DataType.Level1)];
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();
		_prevMacd = default;
		_hasPrev = default;
		_prevSignal = default;
		_pendingOrder = null;
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);

		if (FastPeriod >= SlowPeriod)
			throw new InvalidOperationException("FastPeriod must be below SlowPeriod.");
		StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
		foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
		{
			var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
			quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
			SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
		}

		var macd = new MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignal
		{
			Macd =
			{
				ShortMa = { Length = FastPeriod },
				LongMa = { Length = SlowPeriod },
			},
			SignalMa = { Length = SignalPeriod }
		};

		var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
		subscription
			.BindEx(macd, ProcessCandle)
			.Start();

		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, subscription);
			DrawIndicator(area, macd);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);
		}
	}

	private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
	{
		// Native protection runs before this callback, including between finished candles.
	}

	private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue macdValue)
	{
		// Complex values capture formation before processing their inner indicators.
		// Check the indicator's post-processing state to seed the first fully formed bar.
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished || !macdValue.Indicator.IsFormed || !IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
			return;
		var value = (MovingAverageConvergenceDivergenceSignalValue)macdValue;
		if (value.Macd is not decimal macd || value.Signal is not decimal signal)
			return;
		if (!_hasPrev)
		{
			_hasPrev = true;
			_prevMacd = macd;
			_prevSignal = signal;
			return;
		}
		if (_pendingOrder is not null && _pendingOrder.State is not (OrderStates.Done or OrderStates.Failed))
		{
			_prevMacd = macd;
			_prevSignal = signal;
			return;
		}
		var signalCross = _prevMacd <= _prevSignal && macd > signal
			|| _prevMacd >= _prevSignal && macd < signal;
		// The published exit is a crossing in either direction, not a zero-line exit.
		if (Position != 0m && signalCross)
		{
			if (Position > 0m) SellMarket(Position);
			else BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
		}
		else if (Position == 0m && macd < 0m && macd > _prevMacd)
			BuyMarket(Volume);
		else if (Position == 0m && macd > 0m && macd < _prevMacd)
			SellMarket(Volume);
		_prevMacd = macd;
		_prevSignal = signal;
	}
}