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Kumulativer Delta-Ausbruch (Cumulative Delta Breakout)

Das Cumulative Delta summiert die Differenz zwischen Kauf- und Verkaufsvolumen. Diese Strategie überwacht den laufenden Gesamtwert und handelt, wenn er seinen höchsten Wert überschreitet oder seinen niedrigsten Wert innerhalb des Rückblickzeitraums unterschreitet.

Tests zeigen eine durchschnittliche jährliche Rendite von etwa 49 %. Die Strategie eignet sich am besten für den Kryptomarkt.

Ein Ausbruch des kumulativen Deltas geht oft einer Kursbewegung voraus. Die Strategie schließt Trades, wenn das Delta wieder durch null kreuzt oder ein Stop-Loss-Level erreicht wird.

Details

  • Einstiegskriterien: Das kumulative Delta überschreitet den höchsten oder unterschreitet den niedrigsten Wert im Rückblickzeitraum.
  • Long/Short: Beide Richtungen.
  • Ausstiegskriterien: Das Delta kreuzt null oder Stop.
  • Stops: Ja.
  • Standardwerte:
    • LookbackPeriod = 20
    • CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
  • Filter:
    • Kategorie: Ausbruch
    • Richtung: Beide
    • Indikatoren: Cumulative Delta
    • Stops: Ja
    • Komplexität: Mittel
    • Zeitrahmen: Intraday
    • Saisonalität: Nein
    • Neuronale Netze: Nein
    • Divergenz: Nein
    • Risikolevel: Mittel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

using Ecng.Common;

using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;

/// <summary>
/// Trades breakouts of the running aggressor-side cumulative delta beyond its prior lookback range.
/// Fully exits when the cumulative delta crosses zero or actual-fill protection triggers.
/// </summary>
public class CumulativeDeltaBreakoutStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _lookbackPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;

	private readonly Queue<decimal> _priorCumulative = new();
	private decimal _cumulativeDelta;
	private decimal? _previousCumulative;
	private Order _pendingOrder;

	public int LookbackPeriod { get => _lookbackPeriod.Value; set => _lookbackPeriod.Value = value; }
	public DataType CandleType { get => _candleType.Value; set => _candleType.Value = value; }
	public decimal StopLossPercent { get => _stopLossPercent.Value; set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value; }

	public CumulativeDeltaBreakoutStrategy()
	{
		_lookbackPeriod = Param(nameof(LookbackPeriod), 20).SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("Lookback Period", "Number of prior cumulative delta values", "Indicators");
		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Trade-built signal candles", "General");
		_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m).SetNotNegative()
			.SetDisplay("Stop Loss (%)", "Actual-fill percent stop; zero disables it.", "Protection");
		OrderRegistering += order => _pendingOrder = order;
	}

	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
		=> [(Security, CandleType), (Security, DataType.Level1)];

	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();
		ClearSignalState();
	}

	private void ClearSignalState()
	{
		_priorCumulative.Clear();
		_cumulativeDelta = 0m;
		_previousCumulative = null;
		_pendingOrder = null;
	}

	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);
		ClearSignalState();
		StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
		foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
		{
			var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
			quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
			SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
		}
		// Archived minute candles do not always contain sided volumes; build bars from signed trades.
		var candles = new Subscription(CandleType, Security);
		candles.MarketData.BuildMode = MarketDataBuildModes.Build;
		candles.MarketData.BuildFrom = DataType.Ticks;
		SubscribeCandles(candles).Bind(ProcessCandle).Start();
		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, candles);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);
		}
	}

	private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
	{
		// Native protection also watches the market between finished signal candles.
	}

	private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
	{
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
			return;
		var previous = _previousCumulative;
		_cumulativeDelta += (candle.BuyVolume ?? 0m) - (candle.SellVolume ?? 0m);
		var full = _priorCumulative.Count == LookbackPeriod;
		var up = full && _cumulativeDelta > _priorCumulative.Max();
		var down = full && _cumulativeDelta < _priorCumulative.Min();
		if (full)
			_priorCumulative.Dequeue();
		_priorCumulative.Enqueue(_cumulativeDelta);
		_previousCumulative = _cumulativeDelta;
		if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading() ||
			_pendingOrder is not null && _pendingOrder.State is not (OrderStates.Done or OrderStates.Failed))
			return;
		if (Position > 0m && previous is decimal priorLong && priorLong >= 0m && _cumulativeDelta < 0m)
			SellMarket(Position);
		else if (Position < 0m && previous is decimal priorShort && priorShort <= 0m && _cumulativeDelta > 0m)
			BuyMarket(Math.Abs(Position));
		else if (Position == 0m)
		{
			if (up) BuyMarket(Volume);
			else if (down) SellMarket(Volume);
		}
	}
}