Универсальная стратегия трейлинг-стопа
Стратегия основана на оригинальном скрипте MQL4 cm_universal_trailing_stop.mq4. Она не генерирует сигналы входа, а управляет уже открытой позицией, подтягивая стоп-лосс по мере роста прибыли.
Алгоритм поддерживает фиксированный отступ от текущей цены и смещает стоп при каждом движении рынка на заданный шаг. Как только достигается минимальный уровень прибыли, трейлинг-стоп активируется и автоматически сопровождает цену как в лонгах, так и в шортах.
Детали
- Критерии входа: отсутствуют. Позиция открывается вручную или другой стратегией.
- Длинные/короткие: обе стороны.
- Критерии выхода: срабатывание стоп-заявки при откате цены на заданный отступ.
- Стопы: трейлинг-стоп по пунктам.
- Параметры:
Delta– расстояние от цены до стопа в пунктах.Step– минимальное движение цены в пунктах для смещения стопа.StartProfit– прибыль в пунктах для активации трейлинга.CandleType– таймфрейм, используемый для расчётов.
- Фильтры:
- Категория: управление рисками
- Направление: оба
- Индикаторы: нет
- Стопы: трейлинг
- Сложность: простая
- Таймфрейм: любой
- Сезонность: нет
- Нейросети: нет
- Дивергенция: нет
- Уровень риска: средний
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Strategy that enters on EMA crossover and manages position with a trailing stop.
/// Uses two EMAs for entries and a price-based trailing stop for exits.
/// </summary>
public class UniversalTrailingStopStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _fastPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _slowPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _trailPercent;
private decimal _prevFast;
private decimal _prevSlow;
private bool _isInitialized;
private decimal _entryPrice;
private decimal _bestPrice;
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
public int FastPeriod
{
get => _fastPeriod.Value;
set => _fastPeriod.Value = value;
}
public int SlowPeriod
{
get => _slowPeriod.Value;
set => _slowPeriod.Value = value;
}
public decimal TrailPercent
{
get => _trailPercent.Value;
set => _trailPercent.Value = value;
}
public UniversalTrailingStopStrategy()
{
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromHours(4).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Candle timeframe", "General");
_fastPeriod = Param(nameof(FastPeriod), 10)
.SetDisplay("Fast Period", "Fast EMA period", "Entry");
_slowPeriod = Param(nameof(SlowPeriod), 30)
.SetDisplay("Slow Period", "Slow EMA period", "Entry");
_trailPercent = Param(nameof(TrailPercent), 1.5m)
.SetDisplay("Trail %", "Trailing stop distance in percent", "Trailing");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_prevFast = 0;
_prevSlow = 0;
_isInitialized = false;
_entryPrice = 0;
_bestPrice = 0;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_prevFast = 0;
_prevSlow = 0;
_isInitialized = false;
_entryPrice = 0;
_bestPrice = 0;
var fast = new ExponentialMovingAverage { Length = FastPeriod };
var slow = new ExponentialMovingAverage { Length = SlowPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(fast, slow, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, fast);
DrawIndicator(area, slow);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal fastValue, decimal slowValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!_isInitialized)
{
_prevFast = fastValue;
_prevSlow = slowValue;
_isInitialized = true;
return;
}
var price = candle.ClosePrice;
// Trailing stop check
if (Position > 0)
{
if (price > _bestPrice)
_bestPrice = price;
var stopLevel = _bestPrice * (1 - TrailPercent / 100m);
if (price <= stopLevel)
{
SellMarket();
_prevFast = fastValue;
_prevSlow = slowValue;
return;
}
}
else if (Position < 0)
{
if (price < _bestPrice)
_bestPrice = price;
var stopLevel = _bestPrice * (1 + TrailPercent / 100m);
if (price >= stopLevel)
{
BuyMarket();
_prevFast = fastValue;
_prevSlow = slowValue;
return;
}
}
// Entry signals: EMA crossover
var prevCrossUp = _prevFast <= _prevSlow;
var currCrossUp = fastValue > slowValue;
var prevCrossDown = _prevFast >= _prevSlow;
var currCrossDown = fastValue < slowValue;
if (prevCrossUp && currCrossUp && !(_prevFast > _prevSlow))
{
if (Position < 0)
BuyMarket();
if (Position <= 0)
{
BuyMarket();
_entryPrice = price;
_bestPrice = price;
}
}
else if (prevCrossDown && currCrossDown && !(_prevFast < _prevSlow))
{
if (Position > 0)
SellMarket();
if (Position >= 0)
{
SellMarket();
_entryPrice = price;
_bestPrice = price;
}
}
_prevFast = fastValue;
_prevSlow = slowValue;
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
from System import TimeSpan
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import ExponentialMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class universal_trailing_stop_strategy(Strategy):
def __init__(self):
super(universal_trailing_stop_strategy, self).__init__()
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromHours(4))) \
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Candle timeframe", "General")
self._fast_period = self.Param("FastPeriod", 10) \
.SetDisplay("Fast Period", "Fast EMA period", "Entry")
self._slow_period = self.Param("SlowPeriod", 30) \
.SetDisplay("Slow Period", "Slow EMA period", "Entry")
self._trail_percent = self.Param("TrailPercent", 1.5) \
.SetDisplay("Trail %", "Trailing stop distance in percent", "Trailing")
self._prev_fast = 0.0
self._prev_slow = 0.0
self._is_initialized = False
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._best_price = 0.0
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
@property
def fast_period(self):
return self._fast_period.Value
@property
def slow_period(self):
return self._slow_period.Value
@property
def trail_percent(self):
return self._trail_percent.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(universal_trailing_stop_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._prev_fast = 0.0
self._prev_slow = 0.0
self._is_initialized = False
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._best_price = 0.0
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(universal_trailing_stop_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._prev_fast = 0.0
self._prev_slow = 0.0
self._is_initialized = False
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._best_price = 0.0
fast = ExponentialMovingAverage()
fast.Length = self.fast_period
slow = ExponentialMovingAverage()
slow.Length = self.slow_period
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(fast, slow, self.process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, fast)
self.DrawIndicator(area, slow)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def process_candle(self, candle, fast_value, slow_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
fast_value = float(fast_value)
slow_value = float(slow_value)
if not self._is_initialized:
self._prev_fast = fast_value
self._prev_slow = slow_value
self._is_initialized = True
return
price = float(candle.ClosePrice)
trail_pct = float(self.trail_percent)
# Trailing stop check
if self.Position > 0:
if price > self._best_price:
self._best_price = price
stop_level = self._best_price * (1.0 - trail_pct / 100.0)
if price <= stop_level:
self.SellMarket()
self._prev_fast = fast_value
self._prev_slow = slow_value
return
elif self.Position < 0:
if price < self._best_price:
self._best_price = price
stop_level = self._best_price * (1.0 + trail_pct / 100.0)
if price >= stop_level:
self.BuyMarket()
self._prev_fast = fast_value
self._prev_slow = slow_value
return
# Entry signals: EMA crossover
prev_cross_up = self._prev_fast <= self._prev_slow
curr_cross_up = fast_value > slow_value
prev_cross_down = self._prev_fast >= self._prev_slow
curr_cross_down = fast_value < slow_value
if prev_cross_up and curr_cross_up and not (self._prev_fast > self._prev_slow):
if self.Position < 0:
self.BuyMarket()
if self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket()
self._entry_price = price
self._best_price = price
elif prev_cross_down and curr_cross_down and not (self._prev_fast < self._prev_slow):
if self.Position > 0:
self.SellMarket()
if self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket()
self._entry_price = price
self._best_price = price
self._prev_fast = fast_value
self._prev_slow = slow_value
def CreateClone(self):
return universal_trailing_stop_strategy()