Стратегия "Медвежья харами"
"Медвежья харами" — обратный вариант бычьей модели и возникает после восходящего движения. Небольшая свеча полностью находится внутри предыдущей бычьей, что указывает на ослабление роста.
Тестирование показывает среднегодичную доходность около 43%. Стратегию лучше запускать на фондовом рынке.
Стратегия открывает короткую позицию при закрытии внутренней свечи, рассчитывая на разворот по мере утраты покупательского импульса.
Процентный стоп над максимумом паттерна ограничивает риск, а сделка закрывается при пробое новых вершин.
Детали
- Условия входа: совпадение с паттерном
- Длинная/короткая: обе
- Условия выхода: стоп-лосс или противоположный сигнал
- Стопы: да, процентные
- Значения по умолчанию:
CandleType= 15 minuteStopLoss= 2%
- Фильтры:
- Категория: Паттерн
- Направление: обе
- Индикаторы: свечные
- Стопы: да
- Сложность: средняя
- Таймфрейм: внутридневной
- Сезонность: нет
- Нейронные сети: нет
- Дивергенция: нет
- Уровень риска: средний
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Harami Bearish strategy.
/// Enters short on bearish harami (bullish candle followed by smaller bearish candle inside it).
/// Enters long on bullish harami (bearish candle followed by smaller bullish candle inside it).
/// Uses SMA for exit confirmation.
/// Uses cooldown to control trade frequency.
/// </summary>
public class HaramiBearishStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _maLength;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _cooldownBars;
private ICandleMessage _prevCandle;
private int _cooldown;
/// <summary>
/// MA period for exit.
/// </summary>
public int MaLength
{
get => _maLength.Value;
set => _maLength.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Cooldown bars.
/// </summary>
public int CooldownBars
{
get => _cooldownBars.Value;
set => _cooldownBars.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public HaramiBearishStrategy()
{
_maLength = Param(nameof(MaLength), 20)
.SetRange(10, 50)
.SetDisplay("MA Length", "Period of SMA for exit", "Indicators");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
_cooldownBars = Param(nameof(CooldownBars), 500)
.SetRange(1, 1000)
.SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait between trades", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_prevCandle = null;
_cooldown = default;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_prevCandle = null;
_cooldown = 0;
var sma = new SimpleMovingAverage { Length = MaLength };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(sma, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawIndicator(area, sma);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, decimal smaValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
if (_prevCandle == null)
{
_prevCandle = candle;
return;
}
if (_cooldown > 0)
{
_cooldown--;
_prevCandle = candle;
return;
}
// Bearish Harami: prev bullish, current bearish, current inside prev
var bearishHarami =
_prevCandle.ClosePrice > _prevCandle.OpenPrice &&
candle.ClosePrice < candle.OpenPrice &&
candle.HighPrice < _prevCandle.HighPrice &&
candle.LowPrice > _prevCandle.LowPrice;
// Bullish Harami: prev bearish, current bullish, current inside prev
var bullishHarami =
_prevCandle.ClosePrice < _prevCandle.OpenPrice &&
candle.ClosePrice > candle.OpenPrice &&
candle.HighPrice < _prevCandle.HighPrice &&
candle.LowPrice > _prevCandle.LowPrice;
if (Position == 0 && bearishHarami)
{
SellMarket();
_cooldown = CooldownBars;
}
else if (Position == 0 && bullishHarami)
{
BuyMarket();
_cooldown = CooldownBars;
}
else if (Position < 0 && candle.ClosePrice > smaValue)
{
BuyMarket();
_cooldown = CooldownBars;
}
else if (Position > 0 && candle.ClosePrice < smaValue)
{
SellMarket();
_cooldown = CooldownBars;
}
_prevCandle = candle;
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
from System import TimeSpan
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import SimpleMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class harami_bearish_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Harami Bearish strategy.
Enters short on bearish harami (bullish candle followed by smaller bearish candle inside it).
Enters long on bullish harami (bearish candle followed by smaller bullish candle inside it).
Uses SMA for exit confirmation.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(harami_bearish_strategy, self).__init__()
self._ma_length = self.Param("MaLength", 20).SetDisplay("MA Length", "Period of SMA for exit", "Indicators")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._cooldown_bars = self.Param("CooldownBars", 500).SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait between trades", "General")
self._prev_candle = None
self._cooldown = 0
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def OnReseted(self):
super(harami_bearish_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._prev_candle = None
self._cooldown = 0
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(harami_bearish_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._prev_candle = None
self._cooldown = 0
sma = SimpleMovingAverage()
sma.Length = self._ma_length.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(sma, self._process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawIndicator(area, sma)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _process_candle(self, candle, sma_val):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if self._prev_candle is None:
self._prev_candle = candle
return
if self._cooldown > 0:
self._cooldown -= 1
self._prev_candle = candle
return
cd = self._cooldown_bars.Value
sv = float(sma_val)
# Bearish Harami: prev bullish, current bearish, current inside prev
bearish_harami = (
self._prev_candle.ClosePrice > self._prev_candle.OpenPrice and
candle.ClosePrice < candle.OpenPrice and
candle.HighPrice < self._prev_candle.HighPrice and
candle.LowPrice > self._prev_candle.LowPrice
)
# Bullish Harami: prev bearish, current bullish, current inside prev
bullish_harami = (
self._prev_candle.ClosePrice < self._prev_candle.OpenPrice and
candle.ClosePrice > candle.OpenPrice and
candle.HighPrice < self._prev_candle.HighPrice and
candle.LowPrice > self._prev_candle.LowPrice
)
if self.Position == 0 and bearish_harami:
self.SellMarket()
self._cooldown = cd
elif self.Position == 0 and bullish_harami:
self.BuyMarket()
self._cooldown = cd
elif self.Position < 0 and float(candle.ClosePrice) > sv:
self.BuyMarket()
self._cooldown = cd
elif self.Position > 0 and float(candle.ClosePrice) < sv:
self.SellMarket()
self._cooldown = cd
self._prev_candle = candle
def CreateClone(self):
return harami_bearish_strategy()