Trailing-Stop-Strategie
Übersicht
Diese Strategie implementiert die Trailing-Stop-Logik aus dem ursprünglichen MQL-Skript TRAILING.mq4. Sie verwaltet eine bestehende offene Position und schließt sie, wenn der Markt ein bestimmtes Gewinnziel erreicht oder einen Stop-Loss trifft. Wenn der Trailing-Parameter aktiviert ist, folgt das Stop-Niveau dem Preis, um Gewinne zu sichern.
Parameter
- TakeProfit – Gewinnabstand vom Einstiegspreis in absoluten Preiseinheiten.
- StopLoss – maximal zulässiger ungünstiger Abstand vom Einstiegspreis.
- Trailing – Abstand für das dynamische Trailing des Stop-Niveaus.
- CandleType – Kerzenserie für Preisaktualisierungen.
Funktionsweise
- Die Strategie abonniert die gewählte Kerzenserie.
- Nach jeder abgeschlossenen Kerze wird die aktuelle Position bewertet.
- Bei Long-Positionen schließt die Strategie die Position, wenn der Gewinn TakeProfit überschreitet oder der Verlust StopLoss überschreitet.
- Wenn Trailing größer als null ist, bewegt sich das Stop-Niveau mit dem Preis nach oben. Wenn der Preis unter den Trailing Stop fällt, wird die Position geschlossen.
- Short-Positionen folgen derselben Logik in entgegengesetzter Richtung.
- Der Einstiegspreis wird vom ersten ausgeführten Trade aufgezeichnet und zurückgesetzt, wenn die Position geschlossen wird.
Hinweise
- Die Strategie verwendet die High-Level-API mit
Bindzur Verarbeitung von Kerzen. - Sie eröffnet keine neuen Positionen selbst; sie verwaltet nur eine bereits geöffnete Position.
- Parameter werden über
StrategyParambereitgestellt und können optimiert werden.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using Ecng.Serialization;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Strategy that combines moving-average entries with a trailing-stop exit.
/// </summary>
public class TrailingStopStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _takeProfit;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLoss;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _trailing;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _fastMaPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _slowMaPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _cooldownBars;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private ExponentialMovingAverage _fastMa;
private ExponentialMovingAverage _slowMa;
private decimal _prevFastMa;
private decimal _prevSlowMa;
private bool _isInitialized;
private int _barsSinceExit;
/// <summary>
/// Profit target distance from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal TakeProfit
{
get => _takeProfit.Value;
set => _takeProfit.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss distance from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLoss
{
get => _stopLoss.Value;
set => _stopLoss.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Trailing stop distance.
/// </summary>
public decimal Trailing
{
get => _trailing.Value;
set => _trailing.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Fast moving average period.
/// </summary>
public int FastMaPeriod
{
get => _fastMaPeriod.Value;
set => _fastMaPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Slow moving average period.
/// </summary>
public int SlowMaPeriod
{
get => _slowMaPeriod.Value;
set => _slowMaPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Bars to wait after a full exit before re-entering.
/// </summary>
public int CooldownBars
{
get => _cooldownBars.Value;
set => _cooldownBars.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Type of candles to process.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="TrailingStopStrategy"/> class.
/// </summary>
public TrailingStopStrategy()
{
_takeProfit = Param(nameof(TakeProfit), 3500m)
.SetDisplay("Take Profit", "Profit distance in price units", "Risk");
_stopLoss = Param(nameof(StopLoss), 1200m)
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss", "Loss distance in price units", "Risk");
_trailing = Param(nameof(Trailing), 800m)
.SetDisplay("Trailing", "Trailing stop distance", "Risk");
_fastMaPeriod = Param(nameof(FastMaPeriod), 6)
.SetDisplay("Fast MA", "Fast moving average period", "Indicator");
_slowMaPeriod = Param(nameof(SlowMaPeriod), 18)
.SetDisplay("Slow MA", "Slow moving average period", "Indicator");
_cooldownBars = Param(nameof(CooldownBars), 1)
.SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait after a completed trade", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles for price updates", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_fastMa = null;
_slowMa = null;
_prevFastMa = 0m;
_prevSlowMa = 0m;
_isInitialized = false;
_barsSinceExit = CooldownBars;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_fastMa = new ExponentialMovingAverage { Length = FastMaPeriod };
_slowMa = new ExponentialMovingAverage { Length = SlowMaPeriod };
Indicators.Add(_fastMa);
Indicators.Add(_slowMa);
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription.Bind(ProcessCandle).Start();
StartProtection(
takeProfit: new Unit(2, UnitTypes.Percent),
stopLoss: new Unit(1, UnitTypes.Percent));
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var price = candle.ClosePrice;
var fastValue = _fastMa.Process(new DecimalIndicatorValue(_fastMa, price, candle.OpenTime) { IsFinal = true }).ToDecimal();
var slowValue = _slowMa.Process(new DecimalIndicatorValue(_slowMa, price, candle.OpenTime) { IsFinal = true }).ToDecimal();
if (!_fastMa.IsFormed || !_slowMa.IsFormed)
return;
if (!_isInitialized)
{
_prevFastMa = fastValue;
_prevSlowMa = slowValue;
_isInitialized = true;
return;
}
if (Position != 0)
{
_prevFastMa = fastValue;
_prevSlowMa = slowValue;
return;
}
var crossUp = _prevFastMa <= _prevSlowMa && fastValue > slowValue;
var crossDown = _prevFastMa >= _prevSlowMa && fastValue < slowValue;
if (crossUp)
BuyMarket();
else if (crossDown)
SellMarket();
_prevFastMa = fastValue;
_prevSlowMa = slowValue;
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
from System import TimeSpan
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, Unit, UnitTypes, CandleStates
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import ExponentialMovingAverage
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
from indicator_extensions import *
class trailing_stop_strategy(Strategy):
def __init__(self):
super(trailing_stop_strategy, self).__init__()
self._take_profit = self.Param("TakeProfit", 3500.0) \
.SetDisplay("Take Profit", "Profit distance in price units", "Risk")
self._stop_loss = self.Param("StopLoss", 1200.0) \
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss", "Loss distance in price units", "Risk")
self._trailing = self.Param("Trailing", 800.0) \
.SetDisplay("Trailing", "Trailing stop distance", "Risk")
self._fast_ma_period = self.Param("FastMaPeriod", 6) \
.SetDisplay("Fast MA", "Fast moving average period", "Indicator")
self._slow_ma_period = self.Param("SlowMaPeriod", 18) \
.SetDisplay("Slow MA", "Slow moving average period", "Indicator")
self._cooldown_bars = self.Param("CooldownBars", 1) \
.SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars to wait after a completed trade", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))) \
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles for price updates", "General")
self._fast_ma = None
self._slow_ma = None
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._stop_price = 0.0
self._prev_fast_ma = 0.0
self._prev_slow_ma = 0.0
self._is_initialized = False
self._bars_since_exit = 0
@property
def TakeProfit(self):
return self._take_profit.Value
@TakeProfit.setter
def TakeProfit(self, value):
self._take_profit.Value = value
@property
def StopLoss(self):
return self._stop_loss.Value
@StopLoss.setter
def StopLoss(self, value):
self._stop_loss.Value = value
@property
def Trailing(self):
return self._trailing.Value
@Trailing.setter
def Trailing(self, value):
self._trailing.Value = value
@property
def FastMaPeriod(self):
return self._fast_ma_period.Value
@FastMaPeriod.setter
def FastMaPeriod(self, value):
self._fast_ma_period.Value = value
@property
def SlowMaPeriod(self):
return self._slow_ma_period.Value
@SlowMaPeriod.setter
def SlowMaPeriod(self, value):
self._slow_ma_period.Value = value
@property
def CooldownBars(self):
return self._cooldown_bars.Value
@CooldownBars.setter
def CooldownBars(self, value):
self._cooldown_bars.Value = value
@property
def CandleType(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
@CandleType.setter
def CandleType(self, value):
self._candle_type.Value = value
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(trailing_stop_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._fast_ma = ExponentialMovingAverage()
self._fast_ma.Length = self.FastMaPeriod
self._slow_ma = ExponentialMovingAverage()
self._slow_ma.Length = self.SlowMaPeriod
self.Indicators.Add(self._fast_ma)
self.Indicators.Add(self._slow_ma)
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.CandleType)
subscription.Bind(self.ProcessCandle).Start()
self.StartProtection(
takeProfit=Unit(2, UnitTypes.Percent),
stopLoss=Unit(1, UnitTypes.Percent))
def ProcessCandle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
price = candle.ClosePrice
fast_value = float(process_float(self._fast_ma, price, candle.OpenTime, True))
slow_value = float(process_float(self._slow_ma, price, candle.OpenTime, True))
if not self._fast_ma.IsFormed or not self._slow_ma.IsFormed:
return
if not self._is_initialized:
self._prev_fast_ma = fast_value
self._prev_slow_ma = slow_value
self._is_initialized = True
return
if self.Position != 0:
self._prev_fast_ma = fast_value
self._prev_slow_ma = slow_value
return
cross_up = self._prev_fast_ma <= self._prev_slow_ma and fast_value > slow_value
cross_down = self._prev_fast_ma >= self._prev_slow_ma and fast_value < slow_value
if cross_up:
self.BuyMarket()
elif cross_down:
self.SellMarket()
self._prev_fast_ma = fast_value
self._prev_slow_ma = slow_value
def OnReseted(self):
super(trailing_stop_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._fast_ma = None
self._slow_ma = None
self._entry_price = 0.0
self._stop_price = 0.0
self._prev_fast_ma = 0.0
self._prev_slow_ma = 0.0
self._is_initialized = False
self._bars_since_exit = self.CooldownBars
def CreateClone(self):
return trailing_stop_strategy()