Die Monatsend-Stärke beobachtet, dass Aktien häufig in den letzten Handelstagen steigen, da Portfoliomanager ihre Positionen anpassen.
Kaufdruck durch Window Dressing kann einen zuverlässigen Aufwärtstrend vor dem Monatsschluss erzeugen.
Tests zeigen eine durchschnittliche jährliche Rendite von etwa 94%. Es funktioniert am besten auf dem Aktienmarkt.
Die Strategie kauft kurz vor den letzten Tagen des Monats und steigt am ersten Handelstag des neuen Monats aus, um diese Tendenz zu nutzen.
Stops werden unterhalb des jüngsten Supports platziert, um sich gegen unerwartete Schwäche zu schützen.
Details
Einstiegskriterien: Kalendereffekt-Auslöser
Long/Short: Beide
Ausstiegskriterien: Stop-Loss oder entgegengesetztes Signal
Stops: Ja, prozentbasiert
Standardwerte:
CandleType = 15 minute
DaysBeforeMonthEnd = 3
StopLossPercent = 2
Tage sind UTC-Tage, da der Markt rund um die Uhr handelt; Einstiege erfolgen zum Schluss der ersten Kerze des Tages. Der Kauf öffnet an jedem der letzten DaysBeforeMonthEnd Tage des Monats, wenn keine Position besteht, und schließt mit der ersten Kerze des neuen Monats.
Filter:
Kategorie: Saisonalität
Richtung: Beide
Indikatoren: Saisonalität
Stops: Ja
Komplexität: Mittel
Zeitrahmen: Intraday
Saisonalität: Ja
Neuronale Netze: Nein
Divergenz: Nein
Risikolevel: Mittel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// End of Month Strength strategy.
/// Days are UTC days of a market that trades around the clock.
/// It buys at the close of the first candle of each of the month's last DaysBeforeMonthEnd days while flat and sells
/// at the close of the first candle of the new month; a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class EndOfMonthStrengthStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _daysBeforeMonthEnd;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private DateTime? _day;
/// <summary>
/// How many final days of the month to hold.
/// </summary>
public int DaysBeforeMonthEnd
{
get => _daysBeforeMonthEnd.Value;
set => _daysBeforeMonthEnd.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop-loss percentage.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public EndOfMonthStrengthStrategy()
{
_daysBeforeMonthEnd = Param(nameof(DaysBeforeMonthEnd), 3)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Days Before Month End", "How many final days of the month to hold", "Calendar");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_day = null;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_day = null;
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.Bind(ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
var day = candle.OpenTime.Date;
var firstOfDay = _day != day;
if (firstOfDay)
{
_day = day;
}
// The candle is the day's last when the next one would open on another day.
var frame = CandleType.Arg is TimeSpan tf ? tf : TimeSpan.Zero;
var lastOfDay = (candle.OpenTime + frame).Date != day;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
if (Position != 0)
{
if (firstOfDay && day.Day == 1)
{
if (Position > 0)
SellMarket(Position);
else
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
return;
}
if (!(firstOfDay && day.Day > DateTime.DaysInMonth(day.Year, day.Month) - DaysBeforeMonthEnd))
return;
if ((1) > 0)
BuyMarket(Volume);
else
SellMarket(Volume);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, DateTime, DayOfWeek, Decimal
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class end_of_month_strength_strategy(Strategy):
"""
End of Month Strength strategy.
Days are UTC days of a market that trades around the clock.
It buys at the close of the first candle of each of the month's last DaysBeforeMonthEnd days while flat and sells
at the close of the first candle of the new month; a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(end_of_month_strength_strategy, self).__init__()
self._days_before_month_end = self.Param("DaysBeforeMonthEnd", 3).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Days Before Month End", "How many final days of the month to hold", "Calendar")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._day = None
def OnReseted(self):
super(end_of_month_strength_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(end_of_month_strength_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
day = candle.OpenTime.Date
first_of_day = self._day is None or self._day != day
if first_of_day:
self._day = day
# The candle is the day's last when the next one would open on another day.
frame = self.candle_type.Arg
last_of_day = (candle.OpenTime + frame).Date != day
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
if self.Position != 0:
if first_of_day and day.Day == 1:
if self.Position > 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
else:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
return
if not (first_of_day and day.Day > DateTime.DaysInMonth(day.Year, day.Month) - self._days_before_month_end.Value):
return
if (1) > 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume)
else:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume)
def CreateClone(self):
return end_of_month_strength_strategy()