Estratégia de Rompimento Williams %R
Esta estratégia busca explosões de momentum observando Williams %R em relação à sua média histórica. Quando o oscilador se afasta muito além das leituras típicas, pode sinalizar o início de um movimento forte.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de cerca de 91%. Funciona melhor no mercado de ações.
Uma posição comprada é aberta quando %R sobe acima da média mais Multiplier vezes um desvio padrão estimado. Uma posição vendida é tomada quando %R cai abaixo da média menos o mesmo multiplicador. A operação é fechada assim que %R retorna em direção à sua média ou um stop-loss é atingido.
A abordagem é voltada para traders de rompimento que desejam participar cedo em tendências emergentes. O risco da posição é gerenciado com um stop percentual baseado no preço de entrada.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada:
- Comprado: %R > Avg + Multiplier * StdDev
- Vendido: %R < Avg - Multiplier * StdDev
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos os lados.
- Critérios de saída:
- Comprado: Sair quando %R < Avg
- Vendido: Sair quando %R > Avg
- Stops: Sim, stop-loss percentual.
- Valores padrão:
WilliamsRPeriod= 14AvgPeriod= 20Multiplier= 2StopLossPercent= 2CandleType= TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5) Avg e StdDev são a média e o desvio padrão dos últimos AvgPeriod valores de %R, incluindo o atual. O stop é um StopLossPercent fixo do preço de entrada, vigiado também entre os candles; 0 o desativa. Um sinal de entrada contra uma posição aberta a inverte.
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Rompimento
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: Williams %R
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Intermediário
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Williams R Breakout strategy.
/// The bands lie Multiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AvgPeriod %R values, the current one included.
/// %R above the upper band goes long and %R below the lower band goes short,
/// reversing an opposite position. A long closes once %R is back below its average and a short once it is back above it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class WilliamsRBreakoutStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _williamsRPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _avgPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _multiplier;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly Queue<decimal> _values = [];
/// <summary>
/// Period of Williams %R.
/// </summary>
public int WilliamsRPeriod
{
get => _williamsRPeriod.Value;
set => _williamsRPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Values of %R the average and the standard deviation span.
/// </summary>
public int AvgPeriod
{
get => _avgPeriod.Value;
set => _avgPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Standard deviations between the average and a band.
/// </summary>
public decimal Multiplier
{
get => _multiplier.Value;
set => _multiplier.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public WilliamsRBreakoutStrategy()
{
_williamsRPeriod = Param(nameof(WilliamsRPeriod), 14)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Williams %R Period", "Period of Williams %R", "Indicators");
_avgPeriod = Param(nameof(AvgPeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of %R the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators");
_multiplier = Param(nameof(Multiplier), 2m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_values.Clear();
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_values.Clear();
var williams = new WilliamsR { Length = WilliamsRPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(williams, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
if (oscillators != null)
{
DrawIndicator(oscillators, williams);
}
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue williamsValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!williamsValue.IsFormed)
return;
var value = williamsValue.GetValue<decimal>();
_values.Enqueue(value);
if (_values.Count > AvgPeriod)
_values.Dequeue();
if (_values.Count < AvgPeriod)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var mean = _values.Average();
var deviation = (decimal)Math.Sqrt((double)_values.Average(v => (v - mean) * (v - mean)));
var upper = mean + Multiplier * deviation;
var lower = mean - Multiplier * deviation;
if (value > upper && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (value < lower && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && value < mean)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && value > mean)
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import WilliamsR
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class williams_r_breakout_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Williams R Breakout strategy.
The bands lie Multiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AvgPeriod %R values, the current one included.
%R above the upper band goes long and %R below the lower band goes short,
reversing an opposite position. A long closes once %R is back below its average and a short once it is back above it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(williams_r_breakout_strategy, self).__init__()
self._williams_r_period = self.Param("WilliamsRPeriod", 14).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Williams %R Period", "Period of Williams %R", "Indicators")
self._avg_period = self.Param("AvgPeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of %R the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators")
self._multiplier = self.Param("Multiplier", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._values = []
def OnReseted(self):
super(williams_r_breakout_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(williams_r_breakout_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
williams = WilliamsR()
williams.Length = self._williams_r_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(williams, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
oscillators = self.CreateChartArea()
if oscillators is not None:
self.DrawIndicator(oscillators, williams)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, williams_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not williams_value.IsFormed:
return
value = williams_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
period = self._avg_period.Value
self._values.append(value)
if len(self._values) > period:
self._values.pop(0)
if len(self._values) < period:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
total = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
total += item
mean = total / Decimal(period)
squares = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
squares += (item - mean) * (item - mean)
deviation = Decimal(Math.Sqrt(Decimal.ToDouble(squares / Decimal(period))))
multiplier = Decimal(self._multiplier.Value)
upper = mean + multiplier * deviation
lower = mean - multiplier * deviation
if value > upper and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif value < lower and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and value < mean:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and value > mean:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def CreateClone(self):
return williams_r_breakout_strategy()