Williams %R oscila entre 0 e -100 para mostrar quando o preço fecha perto dos extremos de seu intervalo recente. Esta estratégia opera contra esses extremos uma vez que o indicador se afasta muito de sua própria média.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 154%. Funciona melhor no mercado de ações.
Uma operação comprada é ativada quando Williams %R cai abaixo da média menos DeviationMultiplier vezes o desvio padrão. Uma operação vendida é tomada quando sobe acima da média mais esse multiplicador. As saídas ocorrem quando Williams %R volta em direção ao seu nível médio.
A abordagem é adequada para traders que dependem do esgotamento do momentum para temporizar entradas. Um stop-loss protetor limita o risco se o preço continuar se movendo para novos extremos.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada:
- Comprado: %R < Avg - DeviationMultiplier * StdDev
- Vendido: %R > Avg + DeviationMultiplier * StdDev
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos os lados.
- Critérios de saída:
- Comprado: Sair quando %R > Avg
- Vendido: Sair quando %R < Avg
- Stops: Sim, stop-loss percentual.
- Valores padrão:
WilliamsRPeriod = 14
AveragePeriod = 20
DeviationMultiplier = 2
StopLossPercent = 2
CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
Avg e StdDev são a média e o desvio padrão dos últimos AveragePeriod valores de %R, incluindo o atual. O stop é um StopLossPercent fixo do preço de entrada, vigiado também entre os candles; 0 o desativa. Um sinal de entrada contra uma posição aberta a inverte.
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Mean reversion
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: Williams %R
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Intermediário
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Williams R Mean Reversion strategy.
/// The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod %R values, the current one included.
/// %R below the lower band goes long and %R above the upper band goes short,
/// reversing an opposite position. A long closes once %R is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class WilliamsRMeanReversionStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _williamsRPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _averagePeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _deviationMultiplier;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly Queue<decimal> _values = [];
/// <summary>
/// Period of Williams %R.
/// </summary>
public int WilliamsRPeriod
{
get => _williamsRPeriod.Value;
set => _williamsRPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Values of %R the average and the standard deviation span.
/// </summary>
public int AveragePeriod
{
get => _averagePeriod.Value;
set => _averagePeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Standard deviations between the average and a band.
/// </summary>
public decimal DeviationMultiplier
{
get => _deviationMultiplier.Value;
set => _deviationMultiplier.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public WilliamsRMeanReversionStrategy()
{
_williamsRPeriod = Param(nameof(WilliamsRPeriod), 14)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Williams %R Period", "Period of Williams %R", "Indicators");
_averagePeriod = Param(nameof(AveragePeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of %R the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators");
_deviationMultiplier = Param(nameof(DeviationMultiplier), 2m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_values.Clear();
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_values.Clear();
var williams = new WilliamsR { Length = WilliamsRPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(williams, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
if (oscillators != null)
{
DrawIndicator(oscillators, williams);
}
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue williamsValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!williamsValue.IsFormed)
return;
var value = williamsValue.GetValue<decimal>();
_values.Enqueue(value);
if (_values.Count > AveragePeriod)
_values.Dequeue();
if (_values.Count < AveragePeriod)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var mean = _values.Average();
var deviation = (decimal)Math.Sqrt((double)_values.Average(v => (v - mean) * (v - mean)));
var upper = mean + DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
var lower = mean - DeviationMultiplier * deviation;
if (value < lower && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (value > upper && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && value > mean)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && value < mean)
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import WilliamsR
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class williams_r_mean_reversion_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Williams R Mean Reversion strategy.
The bands lie DeviationMultiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod %R values, the current one included.
%R below the lower band goes long and %R above the upper band goes short,
reversing an opposite position. A long closes once %R is back above its average and a short once it is back below it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(williams_r_mean_reversion_strategy, self).__init__()
self._williams_r_period = self.Param("WilliamsRPeriod", 14).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Williams %R Period", "Period of Williams %R", "Indicators")
self._average_period = self.Param("AveragePeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of %R the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators")
self._deviation_multiplier = self.Param("DeviationMultiplier", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._values = []
def OnReseted(self):
super(williams_r_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(williams_r_mean_reversion_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
williams = WilliamsR()
williams.Length = self._williams_r_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(williams, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
oscillators = self.CreateChartArea()
if oscillators is not None:
self.DrawIndicator(oscillators, williams)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, williams_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not williams_value.IsFormed:
return
value = williams_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
period = self._average_period.Value
self._values.append(value)
if len(self._values) > period:
self._values.pop(0)
if len(self._values) < period:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
total = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
total += item
mean = total / Decimal(period)
squares = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
squares += (item - mean) * (item - mean)
deviation = Decimal(Math.Sqrt(Decimal.ToDouble(squares / Decimal(period))))
multiplier = Decimal(self._deviation_multiplier.Value)
upper = mean + multiplier * deviation
lower = mean - multiplier * deviation
if value < lower and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif value > upper and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and value > mean:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and value < mean:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def CreateClone(self):
return williams_r_mean_reversion_strategy()