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Estratégia RSI Donchian

A estratégia RSI Donchian busca extremos de momentum que coincidam com rompimentos do Canal Donchian. O índice de força relativa mede condições de sobrecompra e sobrevenda enquanto o canal define os máximos e mínimos recentes de preço.

Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de aproximadamente 82%. Funciona melhor no mercado de ações.

Um sinal de compra aparece quando o RSI cai abaixo de 30 e o preço rompe acima da banda superior do Donchian. Um sinal de venda se forma quando o RSI sobe acima de 70 e o preço cai pela banda inferior. As saídas ocorrem assim que o preço retorna à linha média do Donchian, sinalizando um retorno ao equilíbrio.

Este método funciona bem para traders ativos que preferem operar contra movimentos de exaustão, mas ainda negociam com níveis claros de rompimento. O stop-loss ajuda a limitar o risco se o momentum não reverter rapidamente.

Detalhes

  • Critérios de entrada:
    • Comprado: RSI < 30 && Close > Donchian High
    • Vendido: RSI > 70 && Close < Donchian Low
  • Comprado/Vendido: Ambos os lados.
  • Critérios de saída:
    • Comprado: Sair quando close < Donchian Middle
    • Vendido: Sair quando close > Donchian Middle
  • Stops: Sim, stop-loss percentual.
  • Valores padrão:
    • RsiPeriod = 14
    • DonchianPeriod = 20
    • StopLossPercent = 2m
    • CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15)
  • Filtros:
    • Categoria: Misto
    • Direção: Ambos
    • Indicadores: RSI, Donchian Channel
    • Stops: Sim
    • Complexidade: Intermediário
    • Período: Intradiário
    • Sazonalidade: Não
    • Redes neurais: Não
    • Divergência: Não
    • Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Ecng.Common;
using Ecng.Collections;
using Ecng.Serialization;

using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;

namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
	
/// <summary>
/// Strategy based on RSI and Donchian Channel indicators.
/// Enters long when RSI is below 30 (oversold) and price breaks above Donchian high.
/// Enters short when RSI is above 70 (overbought) and price breaks below Donchian low.
/// Uses middle line of Donchian Channel for exit signals.
/// </summary>
public class RsiDonchianStrategy : Strategy
{
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _rsiPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _donchianPeriod;
	private readonly StrategyParam<int> _cooldownBars;
	private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
	private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
	
	private RelativeStrengthIndex _rsi;
	private Highest _highestHigh;
	private Lowest _lowestLow;
	
	private decimal _previousRsi;
	private decimal _donchianHigh;
	private decimal _donchianLow;
	private decimal _donchianMiddle;
	private decimal _currentRsi;
	private int _cooldown;

	/// <summary>
	/// RSI period parameter.
	/// </summary>
	public int RsiPeriod
	{
		get => _rsiPeriod.Value;
		set => _rsiPeriod.Value = value;
	}
	
	/// <summary>
	/// Donchian Channel period parameter.
	/// </summary>
	public int DonchianPeriod
	{
		get => _donchianPeriod.Value;
		set => _donchianPeriod.Value = value;
	}
	
	/// <summary>
	/// Bars to wait between trades.
	/// </summary>
	public int CooldownBars
	{
		get => _cooldownBars.Value;
		set => _cooldownBars.Value = value;
	}

	/// <summary>
	/// Stop-loss percentage parameter.
	/// </summary>
	public decimal StopLossPercent
	{
		get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
		set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
	}
	
	/// <summary>
	/// Candle type parameter.
	/// </summary>
	public DataType CandleType
	{
		get => _candleType.Value;
		set => _candleType.Value = value;
	}
	
	/// <summary>
	/// Constructor.
	/// </summary>
	public RsiDonchianStrategy()
	{
		_rsiPeriod = Param(nameof(RsiPeriod), 14)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("RSI Period", "Period for RSI calculation", "Indicators")
			
			.SetOptimize(10, 20, 2);
			
		_donchianPeriod = Param(nameof(DonchianPeriod), 20)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("Donchian Period", "Period for Donchian Channel calculation", "Indicators")
			
			.SetOptimize(10, 30, 5);

		_cooldownBars = Param(nameof(CooldownBars), 80)
			.SetRange(1, 200)
			.SetDisplay("Cooldown Bars", "Bars between trades", "General");
			
		_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
			.SetGreaterThanZero()
			.SetDisplay("Stop-loss %", "Stop-loss as percentage of entry price", "Risk Management")
			
			.SetOptimize(1m, 3m, 0.5m);
			
		_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
			.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
	}
	
	/// <inheritdoc />
	public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
	{
		return [(Security, CandleType)];
	}
	
	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnReseted()
	{
		base.OnReseted();

		_rsi = null;
		_highestHigh = null;
		_lowestLow = null;
		_previousRsi = 0;
		_donchianHigh = 0;
		_donchianLow = 0;
		_donchianMiddle = 0;
		_currentRsi = 0;
		_cooldown = 0;
	}

	/// <inheritdoc />
	protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
	{
		base.OnStarted2(time);

// Initialize indicators
		_rsi = new RelativeStrengthIndex
	{
Length = RsiPeriod
	};
		
		_highestHigh = new Highest
		{
			Length = DonchianPeriod
		};
		
		_lowestLow = new Lowest
		{
			Length = DonchianPeriod
		};
		
		// Create candles subscription
		var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
		
		// Bind indicators
		subscription
			.Bind(_rsi, _highestHigh, _lowestLow, ProcessIndicators)
			.Start();

		// Setup chart if available
		var area = CreateChartArea();
		if (area != null)
		{
			DrawCandles(area, subscription);
			DrawIndicator(area, _rsi);
			DrawOwnTrades(area);
		}
	}
	
	private void ProcessIndicators(ICandleMessage candle, decimal rsiValue, decimal highestValue, decimal lowestValue)
	{
		// Skip unfinished candles
		if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
			return;
		
		// Save previous RSI value
		_previousRsi = _currentRsi;
		
		// Get current RSI value
		_currentRsi = rsiValue;

		// Update Donchian high value
		_donchianHigh = highestValue;

		// Update Donchian low value
		_donchianLow = lowestValue;

		// Calculate Donchian middle line
		_donchianMiddle = (_donchianHigh + _donchianLow) / 2;

		// Process trading logic after all indicators are updated
		ProcessTradingLogic(candle);
	}

	private void ProcessTradingLogic(ICandleMessage candle)
	{
		// Skip if not all indicators are initialized
		if (_donchianHigh == 0 || _donchianLow == 0 || _currentRsi == 0)
			return;
		
		// Trading signals
		bool isRsiOversold = _currentRsi < 30;
		bool isRsiOverbought = _currentRsi > 70;
		bool isAtLowerBand = candle.ClosePrice <= _donchianLow * 1.001m;
		bool isAtUpperBand = candle.ClosePrice >= _donchianHigh * 0.999m;
		if (_cooldown > 0)
			_cooldown--;
		
		// Long signal: RSI < 30 (oversold) and price near Donchian low
		if (_cooldown == 0 && isRsiOversold && isAtLowerBand)
		{
			if (Position <= 0)
			{
				BuyMarket();
				_cooldown = CooldownBars;
			}
		}
		// Short signal: RSI > 70 (overbought) and price near Donchian high
		else if (_cooldown == 0 && isRsiOverbought && isAtUpperBand)
		{
			if (Position >= 0)
			{
				SellMarket();
				_cooldown = CooldownBars;
			}
		}
		// Exit signals based on Donchian middle line
		else if ((Position > 0 && candle.ClosePrice < _donchianMiddle) || 
				(Position < 0 && candle.ClosePrice > _donchianMiddle))
		{
			if (Position > 0)
			{
				SellMarket();
				_cooldown = CooldownBars;
			}
			else if (Position < 0)
			{
				BuyMarket();
				_cooldown = CooldownBars;
			}
		}
	}
}