Estratégia de Rompimento por Momentum
Este sistema de rompimento busca surgimentos repentinos de momentum em relação à sua média histórica. Quando as leituras de momentum superam a média por uma grande margem, o preço pode estar iniciando um movimento rápido e direcional.
Os testes indicam um retorno anual médio de cerca de 82%. Funciona melhor no mercado de ações.
A estratégia compra quando o momentum sobe acima da média mais Multiplier vezes seu desvio padrão. Um vendido é iniciado quando o momentum cai abaixo da média menos o mesmo multiplicador. As posições são fechadas assim que o momentum retorna em direção à sua média.
Os traders que gostam de movimentos rápidos podem apreciar as regras claras para capturar explosões de força. Um stop-loss baseado em porcentagem do preço protege contra rompimentos fracassados.
Detalhes
- Critérios de entrada:
- Comprado: Momentum > Avg + Multiplier * StdDev
- Vendido: Momentum < Avg - Multiplier * StdDev
- Comprado/Vendido: Ambos os lados.
- Critérios de saída:
- Comprado: Sair quando Momentum < Avg
- Vendido: Sair quando Momentum > Avg
- Stops: Sim, stop-loss percentual.
- Valores padrão:
MomentumPeriod = 14
AveragePeriod = 20
Multiplier = 2
StopLossPercent = 2
CandleType = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5)
Avg e StdDev são a média e o desvio padrão dos últimos AveragePeriod valores de momentum, incluindo o atual. O stop é um StopLossPercent fixo do preço de entrada, vigiado também entre os candles; 0 o desativa. Um sinal de entrada contra uma posição aberta a inverte.
- Filtros:
- Categoria: Rompimento
- Direção: Ambos
- Indicadores: Momentum
- Stops: Sim
- Complexidade: Intermediário
- Período: Intradiário
- Sazonalidade: Não
- Redes neurais: Não
- Divergência: Não
- Nível de risco: Médio
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using StockSharp.Algo.Indicators;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
/// <summary>
/// Momentum Breakout strategy.
/// The bands lie Multiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod momentum values, the current one included.
/// momentum above the upper band goes long and momentum below the lower band goes short,
/// reversing an opposite position. A long closes once momentum is back below its average and a short once it is back above it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
/// </summary>
public class MomentumBreakoutStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _momentumPeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<int> _averagePeriod;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _multiplier;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLossPercent;
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly Queue<decimal> _values = [];
/// <summary>
/// Period of momentum.
/// </summary>
public int MomentumPeriod
{
get => _momentumPeriod.Value;
set => _momentumPeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Values of momentum the average and the standard deviation span.
/// </summary>
public int AveragePeriod
{
get => _averagePeriod.Value;
set => _averagePeriod.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Standard deviations between the average and a band.
/// </summary>
public decimal Multiplier
{
get => _multiplier.Value;
set => _multiplier.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Stop loss percentage from entry price.
/// </summary>
public decimal StopLossPercent
{
get => _stopLossPercent.Value;
set => _stopLossPercent.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Candle type.
/// </summary>
public DataType CandleType
{
get => _candleType.Value;
set => _candleType.Value = value;
}
/// <summary>
/// Constructor.
/// </summary>
public MomentumBreakoutStrategy()
{
_momentumPeriod = Param(nameof(MomentumPeriod), 14)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Momentum Period", "Period of momentum", "Indicators");
_averagePeriod = Param(nameof(AveragePeriod), 20)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of momentum the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators");
_multiplier = Param(nameof(Multiplier), 2m)
.SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators");
_stopLossPercent = Param(nameof(StopLossPercent), 2m)
.SetNotNegative()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk");
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General");
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
{
return [(Security, CandleType)];
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_values.Clear();
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
base.OnStarted2(time);
_values.Clear();
var momentum = new Momentum { Length = MomentumPeriod };
var subscription = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
subscription
.BindEx(momentum, ProcessCandle)
.Start();
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLossPercent, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
// The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(ObserveProtectionQuote).Start();
}
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area != null)
{
DrawCandles(area, subscription);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
var oscillators = CreateChartArea();
if (oscillators != null)
{
DrawIndicator(oscillators, momentum);
}
}
}
private void ObserveProtectionQuote(Level1ChangeMessage quote)
{
// The high-level handler activates native protection before this callback, also between signal bars.
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle, IIndicatorValue momentumValue)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished)
return;
if (!momentumValue.IsFormed)
return;
var value = momentumValue.GetValue<decimal>();
_values.Enqueue(value);
if (_values.Count > AveragePeriod)
_values.Dequeue();
if (_values.Count < AveragePeriod)
return;
if (!IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading())
return;
var mean = _values.Average();
var deviation = (decimal)Math.Sqrt((double)_values.Average(v => (v - mean) * (v - mean)));
var upper = mean + Multiplier * deviation;
var lower = mean - Multiplier * deviation;
if (value > upper && Position <= 0)
BuyMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (value < lower && Position >= 0)
SellMarket(Volume + Math.Abs(Position));
else if (Position > 0 && value < mean)
SellMarket(Position);
else if (Position < 0 && value > mean)
BuyMarket(-Position);
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Indicators")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
from System import TimeSpan, Decimal, Math
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Indicators import Momentum
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class momentum_breakout_strategy(Strategy):
"""
Momentum Breakout strategy.
The bands lie Multiplier standard deviations around the average of the last AveragePeriod momentum values, the current one included.
momentum above the upper band goes long and momentum below the lower band goes short,
reversing an opposite position. A long closes once momentum is back below its average and a short once it is back above it, and a percent stop limits the loss.
"""
def __init__(self):
super(momentum_breakout_strategy, self).__init__()
self._momentum_period = self.Param("MomentumPeriod", 14).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Momentum Period", "Period of momentum", "Indicators")
self._average_period = self.Param("AveragePeriod", 20).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Average Period", "Values of momentum the average and the standard deviation span", "Indicators")
self._multiplier = self.Param("Multiplier", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay("Multiplier", "Standard deviations between the average and a band", "Indicators")
self._stop_loss_percent = self.Param("StopLossPercent", 2.0).SetNotNegative().SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Stop loss percentage from entry price", "Risk")
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5))).SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Type of candles to use", "General")
self._reset_state()
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def _reset_state(self):
self._values = []
def OnReseted(self):
super(momentum_breakout_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._reset_state()
def OnStarted2(self, time):
super(momentum_breakout_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._reset_state()
momentum = Momentum()
momentum.Length = self._momentum_period.Value
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.BindEx(momentum, self._process_candle).Start()
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(Decimal(self._stop_loss_percent.Value), UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
# The stop has to see prices between candles, not only at their close.
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Bind(self._observe_protection_quote).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
oscillators = self.CreateChartArea()
if oscillators is not None:
self.DrawIndicator(oscillators, momentum)
def _observe_protection_quote(self, quote):
# The high-level handler activates native protection before the callback, including between bars.
pass
def _process_candle(self, candle, momentum_value):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished:
return
if not momentum_value.IsFormed:
return
value = momentum_value.GetValue[Decimal](None)
period = self._average_period.Value
self._values.append(value)
if len(self._values) > period:
self._values.pop(0)
if len(self._values) < period:
return
if not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
total = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
total += item
mean = total / Decimal(period)
squares = Decimal(0)
for item in self._values:
squares += (item - mean) * (item - mean)
deviation = Decimal(Math.Sqrt(Decimal.ToDouble(squares / Decimal(period))))
multiplier = Decimal(self._multiplier.Value)
upper = mean + multiplier * deviation
lower = mean - multiplier * deviation
if value > upper and self.Position <= 0:
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif value < lower and self.Position >= 0:
self.SellMarket(self.Volume + abs(self.Position))
elif self.Position > 0 and value < mean:
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position < 0 and value > mean:
self.BuyMarket(-self.Position)
def CreateClone(self):
return momentum_breakout_strategy()