Estratégia do Efeito de Janeiro
Negocia o efeito janeiro na virada do ano. Entra na primeira vela concluída disponível do primeiro dia de negociação a partir de 26 de dezembro. Sai ao final da primeira sessão a partir de 15 de janeiro ou na primeira vela posterior elegível se faltar o fechamento. Não repete janelas mensais nem abre posições vendidas.
Usa velas concluídas de 15 minutos e o calendário explícito de Security.Board, incluindo feriados, sessões especiais e fuso horário da praça. Sem calendário, a inicialização falha. Abre apenas posições compradas, com uma tentativa de entrada por temporada anual; após um stop, não entra novamente nessa temporada. Ordens pendentes bloqueiam decisões sobrepostas.
StopLoss = 2 configura proteção nativa local de 2% a partir do preço real de execução. Atualizações bid/ask podem acionar saída a mercado entre velas. Não há take-profit.
namespace StockSharp.Samples.Strategies;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Ecng.Common;
using Ecng.ComponentModel;
using StockSharp.Algo.Strategies;
using StockSharp.BusinessEntities;
using StockSharp.Messages;
/// <summary>Long-only January effect: enter on or after December 26 and exit on or after January 15.</summary>
public class JanuaryEffectStrategy : Strategy
{
private readonly StrategyParam<DataType> _candleType;
private readonly StrategyParam<decimal> _stopLoss;
private int _entryYear = -1;
private Order _pendingOrder;
/// <summary>Signal candle interval.</summary>
public DataType CandleType { get => _candleType.Value; set => _candleType.Value = value; }
/// <summary>Loss limit as a percentage of the actual entry price.</summary>
public decimal StopLoss { get => _stopLoss.Value; set => _stopLoss.Value = value; }
/// <summary>Initializes the seasonal strategy.</summary>
public JanuaryEffectStrategy()
{
_candleType = Param(nameof(CandleType), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15).TimeFrame())
.SetDisplay("Candle Type", "Finished candles used for calendar decisions", "Data");
_stopLoss = Param(nameof(StopLoss), 2m).SetGreaterThanZero()
.SetDisplay("Stop Loss %", "Percentage loss limit from the executed entry", "Risk");
OrderRegistering += order => _pendingOrder = order;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
public override IEnumerable<(Security sec, DataType dt)> GetWorkingSecurities()
=> [(Security, CandleType), (Security, DataType.Level1)];
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnReseted()
{
base.OnReseted();
_entryYear = -1;
_pendingOrder = null;
}
/// <inheritdoc />
protected override void OnStarted2(DateTime time)
{
if (Security?.Board is null)
throw new InvalidOperationException("The instrument's trading board and calendar are required.");
base.OnStarted2(time);
_entryYear = -1;
_pendingOrder = null;
StartProtection(new Unit(), new Unit(StopLoss, UnitTypes.Percent), useMarketOrders: true, isLocalStop: true);
foreach (var field in new[] { Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice })
{
var quotes = new Subscription(DataType.Level1, Security);
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field;
SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Start();
}
var candles = SubscribeCandles(CandleType);
candles.Bind(ProcessCandle).Start();
var area = CreateChartArea();
if (area is not null)
{
DrawCandles(area, candles);
DrawOwnTrades(area);
}
}
private (DateTime entry, DateTime exit) GetSeason(int year)
{
var calendar = Security.Board.WorkingTime;
var entry = new DateTime(year, 12, 26);
while (!calendar.IsWorkingDate(entry))
entry = entry.AddDays(1);
var exit = new DateTime(year + 1, 1, 15);
while (!calendar.IsWorkingDate(exit))
exit = exit.AddDays(1);
return (entry, exit);
}
private TimeSpan SessionEnd(DateTime date)
{
var calendar = Security.Board.WorkingTime;
if (!calendar.IsEnabled)
return TimeSpan.FromDays(1);
var period = calendar.GetPeriod(date);
IEnumerable<Range<TimeSpan>> sessions = period?.Times;
if (calendar.SpecialDays.TryGetValue(date, out var special))
sessions = special;
else if (period is not null && period.SpecialDays.TryGetValue(date.DayOfWeek, out var weekday))
sessions = weekday;
return sessions is not null && sessions.Any() ? sessions.Max(r => r.Max) : TimeSpan.FromDays(1);
}
private void ProcessCandle(ICandleMessage candle)
{
if (candle.State != CandleStates.Finished || !IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading()
|| _pendingOrder is not null && _pendingOrder.State is not (OrderStates.Done or OrderStates.Failed))
return;
var local = TimeZoneInfo.ConvertTimeFromUtc(candle.OpenTime, Security.Board.TimeZone);
var date = local.Date;
var year = local.Month == 12 ? local.Year : local.Year - 1;
var (entry, exit) = GetSeason(year);
if (Position > 0m)
{
var barEnd = TimeZoneInfo.ConvertTimeFromUtc(candle.OpenTime + (TimeSpan)CandleType.Arg, Security.Board.TimeZone);
if (date > exit || date == exit && barEnd >= exit + SessionEnd(exit))
SellMarket(Position);
}
else if (Position == 0m && local.Month == 12 && date >= entry && _entryYear != year
&& Security.Board.WorkingTime.IsWorkingDate(date))
{
_entryYear = year;
BuyMarket(Volume);
}
}
}
import clr
clr.AddReference("Ecng.ComponentModel")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Messages")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.BusinessEntities")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo")
clr.AddReference("StockSharp.Algo.Strategies")
from System import DateTime, TimeSpan, TimeZoneInfo
from Ecng.ComponentModel import WorkingTimeExtensions
from StockSharp.Messages import DataType, CandleStates, OrderStates, Unit, UnitTypes, Level1Fields
from StockSharp.BusinessEntities import Subscription
from StockSharp.Algo.Strategies import Strategy
class january_effect_strategy(Strategy):
"""Long-only January effect: enter on or after December 26 and exit on or after January 15."""
def __init__(self):
super(january_effect_strategy, self).__init__()
self._candle_type = self.Param("CandleType", DataType.TimeFrame(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15))).SetDisplay(
"Candle Type", "Finished candles used for calendar decisions", "Data")
self._stop_loss = self.Param("StopLoss", 2.0).SetGreaterThanZero().SetDisplay(
"Stop Loss %", "Percentage loss limit from the executed entry", "Risk")
self._entry_year = -1
self._pending_order = None
self.OrderRegistering += self._on_order
@property
def candle_type(self):
return self._candle_type.Value
def GetWorkingSecurities(self):
return [(self.Security, self.candle_type), (self.Security, DataType.Level1)]
def _on_order(self, order):
self._pending_order = order
def OnReseted(self):
super(january_effect_strategy, self).OnReseted()
self._entry_year = -1
self._pending_order = None
def OnStarted2(self, time):
if self.Security is None or self.Security.Board is None:
raise ValueError("The instrument's trading board and calendar are required")
super(january_effect_strategy, self).OnStarted2(time)
self._entry_year = -1
self._pending_order = None
self.StartProtection(Unit(), Unit(float(self._stop_loss.Value), UnitTypes.Percent),
useMarketOrders=True, isLocalStop=True)
for field in (Level1Fields.BestBidPrice, Level1Fields.BestAskPrice):
quotes = Subscription(DataType.Level1, self.Security)
quotes.MarketData.BuildField = field
self.SubscribeLevel1(quotes).Start()
subscription = self.SubscribeCandles(self.candle_type)
subscription.Bind(self._process_candle).Start()
area = self.CreateChartArea()
if area is not None:
self.DrawCandles(area, subscription)
self.DrawOwnTrades(area)
def _season(self, year):
calendar = self.Security.Board.WorkingTime
entry = DateTime(year, 12, 26)
while not WorkingTimeExtensions.IsWorkingDate(calendar, entry, True):
entry = entry.AddDays(1)
exit_date = DateTime(year + 1, 1, 15)
while not WorkingTimeExtensions.IsWorkingDate(calendar, exit_date, True):
exit_date = exit_date.AddDays(1)
return entry, exit_date
def _session_end(self, date):
calendar = self.Security.Board.WorkingTime
if not calendar.IsEnabled:
return TimeSpan.FromDays(1)
period = WorkingTimeExtensions.GetPeriod(calendar, date)
sessions = list(period.Times) if period is not None else []
if calendar.SpecialDays.ContainsKey(date):
sessions = list(calendar.SpecialDays[date])
elif period is not None and period.SpecialDays.ContainsKey(date.DayOfWeek):
sessions = list(period.SpecialDays[date.DayOfWeek])
if not sessions:
return TimeSpan.FromDays(1)
end = sessions[0].Max
for session in sessions[1:]:
if session.Max > end:
end = session.Max
return end
def _process_candle(self, candle):
if candle.State != CandleStates.Finished or not self.IsFormedAndOnlineAndAllowTrading():
return
if self._pending_order is not None and self._pending_order.State not in (OrderStates.Done, OrderStates.Failed):
return
local = TimeZoneInfo.ConvertTimeFromUtc(candle.OpenTime, self.Security.Board.TimeZone)
date = local.Date
year = local.Year if local.Month == 12 else local.Year - 1
entry, exit_date = self._season(year)
if self.Position > 0:
bar_end = TimeZoneInfo.ConvertTimeFromUtc(candle.OpenTime.Add(self.candle_type.Arg), self.Security.Board.TimeZone)
if date > exit_date or (date == exit_date and bar_end >= exit_date.Add(self._session_end(exit_date))):
self.SellMarket(self.Position)
elif self.Position == 0 and local.Month == 12 and date >= entry and self._entry_year != year:
if WorkingTimeExtensions.IsWorkingDate(self.Security.Board.WorkingTime, date, True):
self._entry_year = year
self.BuyMarket(self.Volume)
def CreateClone(self):
return january_effect_strategy()